Silvicultural strategies in forest ecosystems affected by introduced pests

Waring, Kristen M.; O’Hara, Kevin L.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2005.01.008

Cited by 91 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In many cases, these organisms are host-specific with the ability to functionally eliminate a given tree species from an ecosystem [3]. As such, there is a significant need for the development of adaptive management strategies that increase forest resilience to the loss of a constituent tree species as a way to maintain key ecosystem functions after infestation by non-native species [4]. This need becomes urgent when the host species is considered foundational to ecosystem functioning, such that its loss cannot readily be absorbed by other species in the ecosystem [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Adaptive Management Options for Black Ash Forests in the Face of Emerald Ash Borer Invasion

D’Amato

Palik

Slesak

et al. 2018

Forests

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The arrival and spread of emerald ash borer (EAB) across the western Great Lakes region has shifted considerable focus towards developing silvicultural strategies that minimize the impacts of this invasive insect on the structure and functioning of black ash (Fraxinus nigra) wetlands. Early experience with clearcutting in these forests highlighted the risks of losing ash to EAB from these ecosystems, with stands often retrogressing to marsh-like conditions with limited tree cover. Given these experiences and an urgency for increasing resilience to EAB, research efforts began in north-central Minnesota in 2009 followed by additional studies and trials in Michigan and Wisconsin to evaluate the potential for using regeneration harvests in conjunction with planting of replacement species to sustain forested wetland habitats after EAB infestations. Along with these more formal experiments, a number of field trials and demonstrations have been employed by managers across the region to determine effective ways for reducing the vulnerability of black ash forest types to EAB. This paper reviews the results from these recent experiences with managing black ash for resilience to EAB and describes the insights gained on the ecological functioning of these forests and the unique, foundational role played by black ash.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Adaptive Management Options for Black Ash Forests in the Face of Emerald Ash Borer Invasion

D’Amato

Palik

Slesak

et al. 2018

Forests

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, these visible biota can have major impacts on the more invisible, microbial components of ecosystems and on the processes that microbes drive. Moreover, there is increasing awareness of invasive microbes, including human, animal or plant diseases, which can in some cases change the appearance and functioning of entire ecosystems (Liebhold et al, 1995;Gerlach, 2001;Jules et al, 2002;Niwa et al, 2004;Waring and O'Hara, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial ecology of biological invasions

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Invasive microbes, plants and animals are a major threat to the composition and functioning of ecosystems; however, the mechanistic basis of why exotic species can be so abundant and disruptive is not well understood. Most studies have focused on invasive plants and animals, although few have considered the effects of invasive microbes, or interactions of invasive plant and animal species with microbial communities. Here, we review effects of invasive plants on soil microbial communities and discuss consequences for plant performance, plant community structure and ecosystem processes. In addition, we briefly discuss effects of invasive soil microbes on plant communities, which has been less well studied, and effects of invasive animals on soil decomposers and ecosystem functioning. We do this by considering each of three important functional groups of microbes, namely soil microbial parasites and pathogens, mutualistic symbionts and decomposers. We conclude that invasive plants, pathogenic and symbiotic soil microbes will have strongest effects on the abundance of individual species, community diversity and ecosystem functioning. Invasive decomposer microbes probably have little impact, because of limited specificity and great functional redundancy. However, invasive plants and animals can have major effects on microbial decomposition in soil. We propose that understanding, predicting and counteracting consequences of enhanced global homogenization of natural communities through introducing exotic plants, animals and microbes will require future studies on how pathogenic, symbiotic and decomposer soil microbes interact, how they are influenced by higher trophic level organisms and how their combined effects are influencing the composition and functioning of ecosystems.

show abstract

“…Pruning diseased trees could have different effects depending on the specific behaviour of the pathogen. Thus, for avoiding forest health related problems, Waring and O'Hara (2005) expressed the need of a combined solution among management tools and the knowledge of their effect on each disease. The apparent contradiction between an evident increase in the number of cankers and a decrease in the mortality, both following pruning, requires a detail analysis in further studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Attempts to remove disease causing fungi have been made via tree pruning, though it was shown that this treatment does not completely eliminate the disease from the tree (Moorman and Lease, 1999). As such, forest management should be considered as an important factor for decreasing disease establishment and spread (Waring and O'Hara, 2005). The effect of pruning has never been studied in Monterrey pine plantations where the disease is destroying the trees.…”

Section: Resumen Efecto De La Poda En Plantaciones De Pino Radiata Afmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Pruning in Monterrey Pine Plantations Affected by Fusarium circinatum.

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fusarium circinatum Nirenberg and O'Donnell (1998) is the causal agent of Pitch Canker Disease (PCD) in Pinus species, producing damage to the main trunk and lateral branches as well as causing branch dieback. The disease has been detected recently in northern Spain in Pinus spp. seedlings at nurseries and in Pinus radiata D. Don adult trees in plantations. Fusarium circinatum seems to require a wound to enter the tree, not only that as caused by insects but also that resulting from damage by humans, i.e. mechanical wounds. However, the effects of pruning on the infection process have yet to be studied. The aim of the present study was to know how the presence of mechanical damage caused by pruning affects PCD occurrence and severity in P. radiata plantations. Fifty P. radiata plots (pruned and unpruned) distributed throughout 16 sites affected by F. circinatum in the Cantabria region (northern Spain) were studied. Symptoms of PCD presence, such as dieback, oozing cankers and trunk deformation were evaluated in 25 trees per plot and related to pruning effect. A significant relationship between pruning and the number of cankers per tree was observed, concluding that wounds caused by pruning increase the chance of pathogen infection. Other trunk symptoms, such as the presence of resin outside the cankers, were also higher in pruned plots. These results should be taken into account for future management of Monterrey Pine plantations.Key words: pitch canker; Cantabria; Spain; wound; Pinus radiata. Resumen Efecto de la poda en plantaciones de pino radiata afectadas por Fusarium circinatumFusarium circinatum Nirenberg and O'Donnell (1998) es el agente causante de la enfermedad del chancro resinoso del pino, que afecta a especies del género Pinus y provoca la aparición de chancros resinosos en el tronco y en ramas gruesas, además de puntisecado en la guía terminal. Esta enfermedad fue detectada recientemente en el norte de España asociada a plántulas de coníferas en vivero y a plantaciones de Pinus radiata D. Don. Fusarium circinatum suele requerir una herida en el árbol para poder infectarlo. Estas heridas pueden estar causadas por insectos o ser de origen antrópico, como las heridas mecánicas. Con la finalidad de conocer cómo las heridas producidas durante la poda afectan a la severidad de la enfermedad del chancro resinoso del pino, se estudiaron 50 parcelas de P. radiata (podadas y no podadas) distribuidas a lo largo de la provincia de Cantabria. En cada una de las parcelas fueron evaluados 25 árboles, en los que se estudiaron los síntomas más característicos de la enfermedad, como son puntisecado, presencia de chancros resinosos y deformación del tronco, relacionándolos con la presencia de poda. Se observó una relación significativa entre la poda y el número de chancros presentes en el árbol, lo que indica que la herida producida en este tratamiento selvícola es susceptible de infección por parte del patógeno. Otros síntomas también presentes en el tronco, como los exudados de resina fuera del chancro, apa...

show abstract

Silvicultural strategies in forest ecosystems affected by introduced pests

Cited by 91 publications

References 42 publications

Evaluating Adaptive Management Options for Black Ash Forests in the Face of Emerald Ash Borer Invasion

Evaluating Adaptive Management Options for Black Ash Forests in the Face of Emerald Ash Borer Invasion

Microbial ecology of biological invasions

Effects of Pruning in Monterrey Pine Plantations Affected by Fusarium circinatum.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About