Silymarin and Inflammation: Food for Thoughts

Surai, Peter F.; Surai, Anton; Earle-Payne, Katie

doi:10.3390/antiox13010098

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 228 publications

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“…Silymarin has good effects in terms of anticancer activity, regulation of apoptosis and inflammatory response [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], and protection and repair of liver damage [ 15 , 16 ]. It also significantly attenuates macroscopic colonic damage as well as reduces colonic myeloperoxidase activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Six Natural Compounds and Their Derivatives on the Control of Coccidiosis in Chickens

Hou,

Han,

Lin

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Chicken coccidiosis costs the poultry industry over GBP 10 billion per year. The main method of preventing and controlling coccidiosis in chickens continues to be the use of drugs. Unfortunately, the prevalence of drug resistance in the field reduces or even eliminates the effectiveness of drugs, and drug residues in the food supply chain can also can be harmful to humans. Therefore, safe and effective anticoccidial drugs are urgently needed. Natural products have many advantages such as being safe, effective and inexpensive and are a sustainable way to control coccidiosis. In this study, the anticoccidial effects of six natural compounds were tested by Eimeria tenella infection. Oocyst production, cecum lesion, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and intestinal microbiota were measured. The results showed that nerolidol had a moderate effect on maintaining both body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Silymarin and dihydroartemisinin showed significant anticoccidial effects by reducing total oocyst output. Dihydroartemisinin also significantly reduced the cecum lesion caused by Eimeria infection, but this compound may be toxic to the host at such informed doses because it decreases growth and survival rates. In addition, both silymarin and dihydroartemisinin partly restored the microbiota after challenge. This indicates that silymarin, dihydroartemisinin, and nerolidol are effective in the control of chicken coccidiosis. Our data provide basic knowledge about the anticoccidial effects of such natural compounds/derivates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Six Natural Compounds and Their Derivatives on the Control of Coccidiosis in Chickens

Hou,

Han,

Lin

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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“…When the blood flow returns to ischemic liver, free oxygen radicals are formed as a result of some biochemical reactions. In this process, more damage occurs due to deterioration of antioxidant mechanisms [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Promising Effects of Erdosteine and Vitamin B in the Liver Ischemia/Reperfusion Model in Anesthetized Rats

Eygi,

Gul,

Aslan

et al. 2024

Medicina

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Background and Objectives: Erdosteine (Erd) is an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drug. Vitamin B has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. In this study, we investigated the effect of erdosteine and vitamin B complex on a liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two Wistar Albino male rats weighing 350–400 g were used. The animals were randomly selected and divided into four groups. The groups are as follows: first group (Sham), second group (I/R), third group (I/R + vit B), and fourth group (I/R + vit B + Erd). Rats were subjected to 45 min of hepatic ischemia, followed by a 45 min reperfusion period in the I/R and Vitamin B + Erd groups. An amount of 150 mg/kg/day of erdosteine was given orally for 2 days, and 0.05 mL/kg of i.p. vitamin B complex was given 30 min before the reperfusion. Serum biochemical parameters were measured. Serum Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) and Total Oxidant Status (TOS) were measured, and the Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) was calculated. Hepatic tissue samples were taken for the evaluation of histopathological features. Results: In terms of all histopathological parameters, there were significant differences in the I/R + vit B group and I/R + vit B + Erd group compared with the I/R group (p < 0.01). In terms of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), TNF-alpha, and IL-6 levels, there were significant differences between the I/R group and treatment groups (p < 0.01). The lowest TOS and OSI levels were obtained in the treatment groups, and these groups had statistically significantly higher TAS levels compared with the sham and I/R groups (p < 0.01). Conclusions: As a preliminary experimental study, our study suggests that these agents may have potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications for both ischemic conditions and liver-related diseases. These results suggest that the combination of vit B + Erd may be used to protect against the devastating effects of I/R injury. Our study needs to be confirmed by clinical studies with large participation.

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Impact of silymarin‐supplemented cookies on liver enzyme and inflammatory markers in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease patients

Jaffar,

Bader ul Ain,

Tufail

et al. 2024

Food Science & Nutrition

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing public health concern characterized by fat accumulation and severe disorders like nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which are influenced by obesity, inflammatory processes, and metabolic pathways. This research investigates the potential of silymarin‐supplemented cookies in managing NAFLD by evaluating their impact on liver enzyme activity, inflammatory markers, and lipid profiles. A clinical trial in Lahore, Pakistan, involved 64 NAFLD patients. Participants were divided into placebo and three treatment groups, with the latter receiving silymarin‐supplemented cookies for 3 months. The study assessed liver enzyme levels and inflammatory markers, at baseline and after the intervention, utilizing statistical analyses to evaluate differences. The lipid profile and renal function test (RFT) were also measured at baseline and after 3 months in each group for safety assessment. After 3 months, the treatment groups indicated more significant decreases in liver enzymes compared to the placebo group (p ≤ .05). Treatment 3 showed significant reductions in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (64.39–49.38 U/L) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (61.53–45.38 U/L). Treatment 3 also showed improvements in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels and the AST/ALT ratio. Additionally, the treatment group demonstrated a significant reduction in inflammatory markers. Treatment 3 showed a significant decrease in C‐reactive protein (CRP) (6.32–3.39 mg/L) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (38.72–23.86 mm/h), indicating that individuals with NAFLD may benefit from the intervention's potential benefits in lowering inflammation. The study revealed that an intervention significantly improved the inflammatory markers, liver enzymes, and lipid profiles of NAFLD participants, suggesting potential benefits for liver health.

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Silymarin and Inflammation: Food for Thoughts

Cited by 12 publications

References 228 publications

Effects of Six Natural Compounds and Their Derivatives on the Control of Coccidiosis in Chickens

Effects of Six Natural Compounds and Their Derivatives on the Control of Coccidiosis in Chickens

The Promising Effects of Erdosteine and Vitamin B in the Liver Ischemia/Reperfusion Model in Anesthetized Rats

Impact of silymarin‐supplemented cookies on liver enzyme and inflammatory markers in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease patients

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