Similarity in trade structure: Evidence from ASEAN + 3

Nguyen, Thi Nguyet Anh; Pham, Thi Hong Hanh; Vallée, Thomas

doi:10.1080/09638199.2017.1331372

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The level of disaggregation has a major impact on ESI result (Pomfret, 1981). As indicated by Nguyen et al (2017), ESI values get progressively lower as the level of data disaggregation rises. Antimiani et al (2012) indicate that reference literature lacks a method of determining which indicator values show a similarity of export structures.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Similarity and Competition of Polish Agri-food Export with the Largest Agricultural Producers in the EU. Analysis of EU, US and China Market

Bajan

Łukasiewicz

Smutka

2021

AOL

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Poland is one of the largest agricultural producers within European Union (EU). Since joining EU in 2004, Poland has significantly increased its agri-food trade turnover and strengthened its net exporter standing in this regard. With the understanding that countries exporting similar goods to a specific market can be considered competitors, the examination covered similarities in Poland’s export of agri-food products compared to the two largest agricultural producers in EU, namely Germany and France, in three markets: EU-28, China and United States. The agri-food export was analyzed in terms of structure, value and quality, using ComExt data. The growth of the Polish agri-food trade following the accession to the European Union, allowed the country to become a competitor to the common market’s biggest agricultural producers. Poland’s competitiveness in the US market in relation to Germany is also rising. On the other hand, looking at the Chinese market, the value of the exported agri-food products is too low to consider Poland a major competitor to Germany or France. Poland’s competitiveness in the trade of agri-food products is relatively well covered in the literature, but the studies usually focus on the issue of volume and structure or comparative advantages. The export similarity is omitted, in particular with regard to Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC) and to quality similarities issues. The study also suggests a way to identify countries similar in terms of export structure that is based on entire population results. This study fills in a certain research gap that emerged in the context of CEEC, consisting in the analysis of Poland's export in the background of EU’s largest agricultural producers.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Similarity and Competition of Polish Agri-food Export with the Largest Agricultural Producers in the EU. Analysis of EU, US and China Market

Bajan

Łukasiewicz

Smutka

2021

AOL

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“…While China, Japan, and South Korea remain important trading partners with each other, total trade with ASEAN is growing rapidly. Possible reasons include a high level of export similarity index within the region (Nguyen et al, 2017), and the trade import/export ratio growth behind the trade integration index (Bang & Tuo, 2013). A specific example is that ASEAN is now China's top trading partner, surpassing the United States and the European Union, which have long been China's largest trading partners.…”

Section: Changes In Economic Interdependence In East Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Paradigm Shift of Regional Economic Cooperation Mechanism in East Asia: The Case of RCEP and CJKFTA

Haozheng¹

2023

REM

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The economies in East Asia, since the late twentieth century, have been important driving forces of regional and global economic growth. Among them, the development of regional FTAs and the continuous promotion of regional integration processes have played a key role. Both RCEP and CJKFTA, as two representative cases of regional FTA vision, are considered regional economic cooperation mechanisms with great potential. However, due to various factors, especially the intervention of the United States based on its interests in the Asia-Pacific region, the development process and final results of both are very different. An in-depth analysis of the two different regional FTAs can help further understand East Asia’s changing overall economic and political situation and the paradigm shift in FTA strategies in the process. What is beyond doubt is that future economic cooperation in East Asia will be confronted by the U.S. Indo-Pacific strategy’s policy of containment of China’s regional influence. The competition between the two for regional leadership will significantly influence the future economic integration process in the region and the Asia-Pacific region. In the context of the global economic crisis caused by the pandemic, higher-level regional cooperation will effectively stimulate the potential development capacity of the East Asian region. It will lead to the recovery of the global economy through trade and other forms. On the contrary, if there is a double standard in East Asia, which is the core of the global value chain, due to political reasons, it will seriously slow down the overall global economic recovery process.

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“…Wang & Liu (2015), using ESI, show that between 2007 and 2013, China and the EU had higher levels of ESI in the developed country market, which increased competition among export products. Nguyen et al (2017), using ESI, finds that export similarity has changed among ASEAN+3 member states in the period 1990-2014 and that China, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, and South Korea have the highest ESI values. Li (2018) shows that the export similarity between China and India has increased in recent years and that they are in serious competition in his study with ESI, Trade Integration Index, RCA Index, Expertise Coefficient, and Conformity Coefficient.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Country-Based Export Concentration of Türkiye and BRICS and Export Similarity to the EU Market (2001-2021)

AKTAŞ ÇİMEN,

KÖSEKAHYAOĞLU

2023

Fiscaoeconomia

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The aim of the study is to examine the country-based concentration of exports of Türkiye and BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) and export similarity to the European Union (EU) common market. Data were obtained from the International Trade Center Trademap database. In the study, according to the data of 2021, Türkiye and the first five countries in the export of BRICS are included. While the country-based concentration of Türkiye and BRICS for the period 2001-2021 was analyzed using the Gini-Hirschman Index (GHI), the Export Similarity Index (ESI) was used for export similarity to the EU common market. The results of the study show that while the product variety in Türkiye's exports to the United Kingdom, the United States, and Germany has increased significantly over time, the product variety in exports to Italy and Spain shows a fluctuating course, according to the coefficient values calculated by the GHI method. While there was no major change in product diversity in BRICS exports to the USA, Japan and South Korea during the period under review, product diversity in exports to Hong Kong showed a fluctuating course, but product diversity decreased significantly in 2021. There is no radical change in product diversity in BRICS exports to China. The fact that the exports of Türkiye and BRICS to the EU market have an ESI value of 60.75 means that they are in competition in the relevant product groups and pose a threat to each other.

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Similarity in trade structure: Evidence from ASEAN + 3

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Similarity and Competition of Polish Agri-food Export with the Largest Agricultural Producers in the EU. Analysis of EU, US and China Market

Similarity and Competition of Polish Agri-food Export with the Largest Agricultural Producers in the EU. Analysis of EU, US and China Market

Paradigm Shift of Regional Economic Cooperation Mechanism in East Asia: The Case of RCEP and CJKFTA

Country-Based Export Concentration of Türkiye and BRICS and Export Similarity to the EU Market (2001-2021)

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