Similarity in Transcytosis of nNOSÎ± in Enteric Nerve Terminals and Beta Cells of Pancreatic Islet

Chaudhury, Arun

doi:10.3389/fmed.2014.00020

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-diaphorase (d) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) levels have been used as markers of NO production in the intrapancreatic ganglia (Sha et al, 1995; Liu and Kirchgessner, 1997). This demonstrates that apart from enteric and vagal nerve fibers, nitrinergic nerves are also present in the intrapancreatic ganglia (Wang et al, 1999; Chaudhury, 2014). Most NADPH-d-positive neurons show immunoreactivity for VIP or galanin in the chicken pancreas (Hiramatsu et al, 1994).…”

Section: Neurotransmitters Of Intrapancreatic Gangliamentioning

confidence: 84%

Intrapancreatic Ganglia and Neural Regulation of Pancreatic Endocrine Secretion

Liu

et al. 2019

Front. Neurosci.

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Extrapancreatic nerves project to pancreatic islets directly or converge onto intrapancreatic ganglia. Intrapancreatic ganglia constitute a complex information-processing center that contains various neurotransmitters and forms an endogenous neural network. Both intrapancreatic ganglia and extrapancreatic nerves have an important influence on pancreatic endocrine function. This review introduces the histomorphology, innervation, neurochemistry, and electrophysiological properties of intrapancreatic ganglia/neurons, and summarizes the modulatory effects of intrapancreatic ganglia and extrapancreatic nerves on endocrine function.

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Section: Neurotransmitters Of Intrapancreatic Gangliamentioning

confidence: 84%

Intrapancreatic Ganglia and Neural Regulation of Pancreatic Endocrine Secretion

Liu

et al. 2019

Front. Neurosci.

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“…In cavernosal nerve fibers, nNOSμ and myosin Va localize ( 28 ). Thus, it is likely that nNOSμ in skeletal muscles may also be transported by myosin Va. Membrane clustering of nNOSμ and LC8 is diminished in gastrocnemius biopsies obtained from a rat model of diabesity ( 65 ) (Figure 1 C). Recent observations of genomic suppression of myosin Va have been shown in streptozotocin-induced diabetes ( 9 ).…”

Section: Sarcomeric Nnosμ Transport Has Not Been Extensively Studiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hypothesis for Examining Skeletal Muscle Biopsy-Derived Sarcolemmal nNOSμ as Surrogate for Enteric nNOSα Function

Chaudhury¹

2015

Front. Med.

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The pathophysiology of gastrointestinal motility disorders is controversial and largely unresolved. This provokes empiric approaches to patient management of these so-called functional gastrointestinal disorders. Preliminary evidence demonstrates that defects in neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) expression and function, the enzyme that synthesizes nitric oxide (NO), the key inhibitory neurotransmitter mediating mechano-electrical smooth muscle relaxation, is the major pathophysiological basis for sluggishness of oro-aboral transit of luminal contents. This opinion is an ansatz of the potential of skeletal muscle biopsy and examining sarcolemmal nNOSμ to provide complementary insights regarding nNOSα expression, localization, and function within enteric nerve terminals, the site of stimulated de novo NO synthesis. The main basis of this thesis is twofold: (a) the molecular similarity of the structures of nNOS α and μ, similar mechanisms of localizations to “active zones” of nitrergic synthesis, and same mechanisms of electron transfers during NO synthesis and (b) pragmatic difficulty to routinely obtain full-thickness biopsies of gastrointestinal tract, even in patients presenting with the most recalcitrant manifestations of stasis and delayed transit of luminal contents. This opinion attempts to provoke dialog whether this approach is feasible as a surrogate to predict catalytic potential of nNOSα and defects in nitrergic neurotransmission. This discussion makes an assumption that similar molecular mechanisms of nNOS defects shall be operant in both the enteric nerve terminals and the skeletal muscles. These overlaps of skeletal and gastrointestinal dysfunction are largely unknown, thus meriting that the thesis be validated in future by proof-of-principle experiments.

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“…Recently, it has been suggested that the exocytosis involving insulin granules resembles remarkable similarity to the pattern of inhibitory enteric neuromuscular neurotransmission (Chaudhury, 2014 ). Insulin granule exocytosis involves sequential release of ATP and the gaseous nitric oxide (NO), which may have important regulatory roles.…”

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confidence: 99%