Similes on the Internet have explanations

Roncero, Carlos; Kennedy, John M.; Smyth, Russell

doi:10.3758/bf03193815

Cited by 24 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…The conclusion that, although being optional, many similes could not be understood or would be understood differently without a proper elaboration is in line with the paper by Roncero et al (2006), whose title ("Similes on the Internet have Explanations") already announces the main observation derived from their research:…”

Section: (19) La Feina D'alcaldessa éS Molt Diferent a La Que Feia Absupporting

confidence: 72%

“…encyclopedic knowledge, source and target do not seemingly share any feature: cancer is associated with negative facts, whereas diamonds are positively evaluated. This divergence accounts for both the fact that the transformation of similes into metaphors does not easily work in real communication and the fact that similes generally need an explanation or elaboration (see Roncero et al (2006) and Section 3.2). 7 Contrary to the equivalence approach, a number of authors argue that similes and metaphors are not equivalent and deserve an analysis in their own right.…”

Section: Similes and Metaphorsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…vi. Similes are often followed (sometimes preceded) by information that helps interpreting the analogy (i.e., explanations or elaborations), which is not usually the case with metaphors (see Moder, 2008Moder, , 2010Roncero et al, 2006; and Section 3.2).…”

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confidence: 98%

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Cuenca¹

2015

RCL

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This paper deals with the formal properties and discourse features of "A és com B" ("A is like B") similes in Catalan. In contrast with most previous approaches, the examples are naturally-occurring and the whole text has been analyzed so that their context, and not only the similes, is considered. The analysis of similes in interaction puts forward that: (i) a simile is a three-slot comparative construction, including a target and a source belonging to different conceptual domains, and an optional but frequent and highly significant elaboration; (ii) a simile is a figurative comparison between a source and a target (grammatically expressed by noun phrases or clauses) generally thought as completely distinct or non-comparable; (iii) similes are powerful mechanisms to catch the addressee's attention and put in a nutshell someone's opinion, and (iv) they tend to have a prominent text status and are often found as headlines.

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Section: (19) La Feina D'alcaldessa éS Molt Diferent a La Que Feia Absupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Similes and Metaphorsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Cuenca¹

2015

RCL

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“…Roncero et al (2006) observed, by searching the web for several stereotypical comparisons (e.g., education is like a stairway), that similes are more likely to be accompanied by explanations than equivalent metaphors (e.g., education is a stairway). Related to figurativeness is irony, which Veale (2012a) finds to often be lexically marked.…”

Section: Further Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brighter than Gold: Figurative Language in User Generated Comparisons

Niculae

Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil

2014

Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP)

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Comparisons are common linguistic devices used to indicate the likeness of two things. Often, this likeness is not meant in the literal sense-for example, "I slept like a log" does not imply that logs actually sleep. In this paper we propose a computational study of figurative comparisons, or similes. Our starting point is a new large dataset of comparisons extracted from product reviews and annotated for figurativeness. We use this dataset to characterize figurative language in naturally occurring comparisons and reveal linguistic patterns indicative of this phenomenon. We operationalize these insights and apply them to a new task with high relevance to text understanding: distinguishing between figurative and literal comparisons. Finally, we apply this framework to explore the social context in which figurative language is produced, showing that similes are more likely to accompany opinions showing extreme sentiment, and that they are uncommon in reviews deemed helpful.

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“…Kintsch (2000) collects noun-adjective pairs like "money-valuable" using Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) from large corpora. Roncero et al (2006) extracts nounadjective pairs using the simile template "as adjective as noun". Using the same template, collects English similes by querying Google using the nouns and adjectives in WordNet.…”

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confidence: 99%

Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Metaphor in NLP

2015

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ii IntroductionCharacteristic to all areas of human activity (from poetic to ordinary to scientific) and, thus, to all types of discourse, metaphor becomes an important problem for natural language processing. Its ubiquity in language has been established in a number of corpus studies and the role it plays in human reasoning has been confirmed in psychological experiments. This makes metaphor an important research area for computational and cognitive linguistics, and its automatic identification and interpretation indispensable for any semantics-oriented NLP application. This year's workshop is the third Metaphor in NLP workshop, following the first workshop held at NAACL 2013 and the second workshop held at ACL 2014. In 2013, accepted papers dealt with metaphor annotation, features for metaphor identification, and with generalization of the techniques across languages. These themes were also represented in the 2014 workshop, along with interpretation, applications, and relationships with related phenomena. In 2015, prominent themes include creation and utilization of semantic resources for metaphor identification and interpretation; features for metaphor identification that capture properties of concepts such as concreteness, imageability, affect, and sensorial modalities; relationships between social dynamic and individual history and metaphor use; and metaphor generation. We received 13 submissions and accepted 10, based on detailed and careful reviews by members of the Program Committee.Creation and utilization of semantic resources to support metaphor identification is a recurrent theme in the 2015 workshop. An invited talk by Prof. Martha Palmer and Dr. Susan Brown about metaphor in VerbNet was followed by a number of contributions describing the creation of resources in support of metaphor identification and analysis. Li, Bai ,Yin, and Xu describe the construction of a resource where salient properties of concepts expressed by thousands of Chinese verbs and nouns are collected. Dodge, Hong, and Stickles describe MetaNet, a system combining a repository of metaphors and frames, and a metaphor detection component that utilizes the repository. Gordon, Jobbs, May, and Morbini describe an enhancement to their knowledge-based metaphor identification system that infers lexical axioms -rules which encode information about what words or phrases trigger particular source and target concepts.Gordon, Hobbs, May, Mohler, Morbini, Rink, Tomlinson, and Wertheim describe their ontology of commonly used source domains and release a corpus of manually validated annotations of linguistic metaphors about governance, economy, and gun control with source and target domains, as well as specific roles (slots) that support the interpretation of the metaphor. For example, according to the ontology, a metaphor drawing on the source domain of JOURNEY can be annotated with elements such as source, target, agent, goal, facilitator, barrier, change, and type of change (increase or decrease). The goal of the dataset is to support the an...

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Similes on the Internet have explanations

Cited by 24 publications

References 6 publications

Beyond compare

Beyond compare

Brighter than Gold: Figurative Language in User Generated Comparisons

Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Metaphor in NLP

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