Simple, quick and green isolation of cannabinoids from complex natural product extracts using sustainable mesoporous materials (Starbon®)

Attard, Thomas M.; Goodwin, Christopher A.; Nalivaika, Povilas; Attard, Jennifer; Budarin, Vitaliy L.; Lanot, Alexandra; Bove, Damien; Clark, James H.; McElroy, Con Robert

doi:10.1039/d2qm00028h

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This study demonstrated that the outputs of 23 US states grouping and cannabis plant samples clustering based on cannabis contents by PCA were sensitive to phytocannabinoids profile, in addition to terpenoids profile. Similar GC‐FID‐based analyses of phytocannabinoids present in C. sativa have been reported by several other researchers 35,37,39,40,42,51,57,58 . A solid‐phase‐extraction (SPE) method coupled with the GC‐FID technique was utilised for the extraction and detection of CBD ( 3 ) from C. sativa .…”

Section: Gc Analysis Of Phytocannabinoidsmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Starbons A300 was used as the stationary phase in SPE taking C. sativa extract in n-hexane to selectively adsorb the phytocannabinoids onto the surface, followed by ethanol (EtOH) to facilitate desorption at up to 93%. 35 A similar one-pot system using Fedora hemp stem dust as feedstock with extraction and adsorption in supercritical CO 2 followed by desorption in EtOH was also proved to be successful, where a GC-EI-MS was employed; CBC (1), CBD (3), CBG (5), and THC (10) were identified. 35 While the yield of total decarboxylated CBD (3) from percolations and macerations of C. sativa plant materials performed over 2 weeks was determined by GC-FID, 37 Gul et al 39…”

Section: Gc Analysis Of Phytocannabinoids In Plant Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A GC-FID method was successfully employed for the detection of seven phytocannabinoids, CBC (1), CBCL (2), CBG (5), CBN (7), Δ 8 -THC (9), THC (10), and tetraydrocannabivarin (THCV, 13) from the researchers. 35,37,39,40,42,51,57,58 A solid-phase-extraction (SPE) method coupled with the GC-FID technique was utilised for the extraction and detection of CBD (3) from C. sativa. Starbons A300 was used as the stationary phase in SPE taking C. sativa extract in n-hexane to selectively adsorb the phytocannabinoids onto the surface, followed by ethanol (EtOH) to facilitate desorption at up to 93%.…”

Section: Gc Analysis Of Phytocannabinoids In Plant Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several papers have been published on the GC-MS or GC-MS/MS analysis of phytocannabinoids from plant matrices. 32,[34][35][36]38,41,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56]59,60 Dried flowering tops of C. sativa, after hydrodistillation, were extracted with acidic n-hexane using a standard maceration technique at room temperature involving constant agitation in the dark for 3 h, and the GC-MS analysis of the resulting extract afforded identification of CBD (3). 32 The presence of other phytocannabinoids in the extract, for example, CBDV (12), CBDVA (14), THC (10), THCV (13), and THCVA (15), was determined by LC-MS/MS analysis.…”

Section: Gc Analysis Of Phytocannabinoids In Plant Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GC‐based analytical techniques have been used routinely in the analysis of phytocannabinoids in plant samples (Table 1), particularly in C. sativa L. plant extracts. GC methods are generally useful for chemical fingerprinting or chemical profiling of plant extracts containing phytocannabinoids 31–60 and thus for distinguishing various varieties and cultivars. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of phytocannabinoids from plant matrices usually depends on the extraction method and the solvent used.…”

Section: Gc Analysis Of Phytocannabinoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of gas chromatography in the analysis of phytocannabinoids: An update (2020–2023)

Nahar,

Gavril,

Sarker

2023

Phytochemical Analysis

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IntroductionCannabinoids are a group of compounds that bind to cannabinoid receptors. They possess pharmacological properties like that of the plant Cannabis sativa. Gas chromatography (GC) is one of the popular chromatographic techniques that has been routinely used in the analysis of cannabinoids in different matrices.ObjectiveThe article aims to review the literature on the application of GC‐based analytical methods for the analysis of phytocannabinoids published during the period from January 2020 to August 2023.MethodologyA thorough literature search was conducted using different databases, like Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Google Scholar, and other relevant published materials including published books. The keywords used, in various combinations, with cannabinoids being present in all combinations, in the search were cannabinoids, Cannabis sativa, marijuana, analysis, GC, quantitative, qualitative, and quality control. From the search results, only the publications that incorporate the GC analysis of phytocannabinoids were reviewed, and papers on synthetic cannabinoids were excluded.ResultsSince the publication of the review article on GC analysis of phytocannabinoids in early 2020, several GC‐based methods for the analysis of phytocannabinoids have appeared in the literature. While simple 1D GC–mass spectrometry (MS) and GC–flame ionisation detector (FID) methods are still quite common in phytocannabinoids analysis, 2D GC‐MS and GC‐MS/MS are increasingly becoming popular, as these techniques offer more useful data for identification and quantification of phytocannabinoids in various matrices. The use of automation in sample preparation and the utilisation of mathematical and computational models for optimisation of different protocols have become a norm in phytocannabinoids analysis. Pre‐analyses have been found to incorporate different derivatisation techniques and environmentally friendly extraction protocols.ConclusionsGC‐based analysis of phytocannabinoids, especially using GC‐MS, remains one of the most preferred methods for the analysis of these compounds. New derivatisation methods, ionisation techniques, mathematical models, and computational approaches for method optimisation have been introduced.

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Section: Gc Analysis Of Phytocannabinoidsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Gc Analysis Of Phytocannabinoids In Plant Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gc Analysis Of Phytocannabinoids In Plant Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gc Analysis Of Phytocannabinoids In Plant Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gc Analysis Of Phytocannabinoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Application of gas chromatography in the analysis of phytocannabinoids: An update (2020–2023)

Nahar,

Gavril,

Sarker

2023

Phytochemical Analysis

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Adsorbents for the purification and recovery of biocompounds: An updated review

Castro,

Sganzerla,

Costa

et al. 2023

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Recently, the development of techniques to produce detoxified biocompounds has attracted much research interest. This study reviews adsorbents for application in the purification and detoxification of biocompounds, aiming to identify the field's knowledge gaps, trends, updates and hotspots. This review focuses on the description of the types of adsorbents (activated carbon, zeolites, clays, clay minerals and biosorbents) and their activation methods (chemical and physical) for laboratory and industrial adsorption. The adsorbents that stand out are activated carbon and chitosan‐based adsorbents. Moreover, there is a research trend toward using adsorbents to purify bioactive compounds, sugars and amino acids. Finally, adsorbents underscore a growing global research interest in exploring effective treatments for removing various combinations.

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Biomass Derived, Hierarchically Porous, Activated Starbons® as Adsorbents for Volatile Organic Compounds

et al. 2023

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The use of potassium hydroxide activated Starbons® derived from starch and alginic acid as adsorbents for 29 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was investigated. In every case, the alginic acid derived Starbon (A800K2) was found to be the optimal adsorbent, significantly outperforming both commercial activated carbon and starch derived, activated Starbon (S800K2). The saturated adsorption capacity of A800K2 depends on both the size of the VOC and the functional groups it contains. The highest saturated adsorption capacities were obtained with small VOCs. For VOC's of similar size, the presence of polarizable electrons in lone pairs or π-bonds within non-polar VOCs was beneficial. Analysis of porosimetry data suggests that the VOC's are being adsorbed within the pore structure of A800K2 rather than just on its surface. The adsorption was completely reversible by thermal treatment of the saturated Starbon under vacuum.

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Simple, quick and green isolation of cannabinoids from complex natural product extracts using sustainable mesoporous materials (Starbon®)

Abstract: The current process to purify CBD from C. sativa extract is long and intensive, requiring several steps such as winterification for 48 hours at -45 °C and high-temperature, high vacuum...

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

Application of gas chromatography in the analysis of phytocannabinoids: An update (2020–2023)

Application of gas chromatography in the analysis of phytocannabinoids: An update (2020–2023)

Adsorbents for the purification and recovery of biocompounds: An updated review

Biomass Derived, Hierarchically Porous, Activated Starbons® as Adsorbents for Volatile Organic Compounds

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