Simple synthesis of highly uniform bilayer-carbon nanocages

Ziółkowska, Dominika A.; Jangam, John Samuel Dilip; Rudakov, Grigorii; Paronyan, Tereza M.; Akhtar, M. Shaheer; Суманасекера, Гамини; Jasiński, Jacek B.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2017.01.055

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The Ni, Co, and Fe contents in P@PC-AC sample are determined to be 5.23, 0.36, and 39 ppm (mg kg −1 ), respectively, which are too low to catalyze the generation of carbon nano-onions. [31,32] Typically, the synthesis starts with the melting of pitch onto the surface of petroleum coke when heating up to around 300 °C, leading to the molten pitch coated petroleum coke along with KOH. When the temperature increases to 400 °C, amounts of H 2 bubbles generates due to the preliminary reaction between carbon and KOH.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Gram‐Scale Synthesis of Carbon Nano‐Onions from Heavy Oil for Supercapacitors

Liu

Tang

Han

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Inter

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Moreover, the abundant nanovoids on the sp 2 -hybridized carbon shell and interior space of CNOs facilitate the loading of pseudocapacitive species (metal oxides, [11] the conductive polymer, [12] functional groups, [13,14] etc.) and corresponding charge transport during the charge-storage process. Although fascinating performance has been achieved by CNOs, the efficient synthesis of CNOs remains a great challenge, seriously impeding its application in supercapacitors.Great efforts have been made on the synthesis of CNOs in the past decades. Series of synthetic techniques such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD), [15] underwater electric arc discharge, [16] carbon ion implantation, [17] and annealing of nanodiamonds [18] have been developed to achieve CNOs with tunable sizes (5-200 nm), shapes (spherical and polyhedral), and types of cores (hollow and dense). Among various techniques, chemical methods including CVD, the thermal transformation of nanodiamonds, and thermal pyrolysis of carbon precursor were considered as more viable methods for the production of CNOs, especially in large-scale (gram quantities). For instance, Chen et al. [19] reported a gramscale CVD synthesis of hollow CNOs with MgO supported Co as the catalyst. The hollow CNOs consist of defective carbon shells with diameters ranging from 10 to 50 nm. Recently, the functionalized onion-like graphitic carbon nanospheres (5-30 nm in diameter) were fabricated by a high-temperature transformation of nanodiamonds at 2700 °C, providing the high surface area with multiple oxygen functional groups for enhanced Li-ion storage. [20] Nevertheless, these techniques still suffer from the use of large contents of catalyst (>50 wt%) and high temperature (>1700 °C) [21] in the gram-scale synthesis of CNOs.Herein, we demonstrate a novel bubble template for efficient assembly of CNOs at gram-scale, by using sticky pitch to coat on petroleum coke. The corresponding formation mechanism was proposed and the key feature of this approach is the confinement of petroleum coke generated gas bubbles (H 2 ) to serve as the pristine fragments of graphitic shells for the assembly of CNOs. The as-synthesized CNOs present a uniform particle size of ≈5-30 nm, a superior surface area up to 2665.5 m 2 g −1 , and a large pore volume of 1.2 cm 3 g −1 , which favor the ionic diffusion as well as electronic transport in supercapacitors. Significantly, the CNOs electrode delivered a high specific capacitance of 312 F g −1 at 1 A g −1 and retained as high Carbon nano-onions (CNOs), recognized as multilayered fullerenes, display superior electrical conductivity (comparable with carbon black) and large surface area due to the highly defective sp 2 carbon shells, making it a promising member of carbon nanomaterials for energy applications. However, the lack of efficient synthesis of CNOs in large-scale production (gram quantities) has impeded their range of commercial applications. Herein, for the first time, it is demonstrated that the gram-scale synthesis of CNOs is developed by simply an...

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Gram‐Scale Synthesis of Carbon Nano‐Onions from Heavy Oil for Supercapacitors

Liu

Tang

Han

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Inter

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The peak assignment was performed according to the energy shift in respect to the main peak at 284.6±0.2 eV. Peaks with energies 1.1±0.2 eV higher can be attributed to sp 3 carbon atoms or hydrogen‐terminated carbon (C−C/C−H); 2.1 eV higher, to hydroxyl or epoxy groups (C−OH/C−O−C); 3.1 eV higher, to carbonyl groups (C=O); 4.2±0.2 and 6.1±0.3 eV higher, to carboxyl or carbonyl (COOH/C=O) and ester (COOR) groups, respectively [19,20] . Surface concentrations of the oxygen functional groups are summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Bipolar Mode of One‐Step Plasma Electrochemical Synthesis of Few Layer Graphene Structures Decorated with Transition Metal Oxides

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present the method of conjugated bipolar plasma electrochemical synthesis of aqueous suspensions of composites of few‐layer graphene structures with Co3O4 and Mn3O4 oxides and creation of mixed electrocatalysts based on them. As shown by the rotating disk electrode method, the best catalytic activity towards oxygen reduction reaction exceeding that for each individual component is demonstrated by the composition containing equal amounts of these composites.

show abstract

“… 1)The nanostructure and volumetric performance: the internal space of the carbon nanocages is too big (>100 nm), leading to low space utilization and insufficient volumetric performances. Therefore, it is necessary to further optimize the nanostructure of carbon nanocages (constructing collapsed hollow carbon nanocages (reduce excess macropores and mesoporous pores) (see Figure A,B), [ 26 ] dense and small size (≈5 nm) carbon nanocages 3D network structures (see Figure 31C) (or small carbon nanocages self‐assembled hollow microspheres (see Figure 31D) [ 124 ] ) and “ship‐in‐bottle” nanostructures (see Figure 31E) [ 126 ] ) to increase the internal material utilization and improve the volume performances. In particular, the collapse carbon nanocages (CCNs) prepared by capillary force compression can effectively reduce the excess macropores and mesoporous pores, which is a very effective method to improve the volume energy density, while still maintain a high power density.…”

Section: Opportunities and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress of Hollow Carbon Nanocages: General Design Fundamentals and Diversified Electrochemical Applications

Wang

et al. 2023

Advanced Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hollow carbon nanocages (HCNCs) consisting of sp2 carbon shells featured by a hollow interior cavity with defective microchannels (or customized mesopores) across the carbon shells, high specific surface area, and tunable electronic structure, are quilt different from the other nanocarbons such as carbon nanotubes and graphene. These structural and morphological characteristics make HCNCs a new platform for advanced electrochemical energy storage and conversion. This review focuses on the controllable preparation, structural regulation, and modification of HCNCs, as well as their electrochemical functions and applications as energy storage materials and electrocatalytic conversion materials. The metal single atoms‐functionalized structures and electrochemical properties of HCNCs are summarized systematically and deeply. The research challenges and trends are also envisaged for deepening and extending the study and application of this hollow carbon material. The development of multifunctional carbon‐based composite nanocages provides a new idea and method for improving the energy density, power density, and volume performance of electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices.

show abstract

Simple synthesis of highly uniform bilayer-carbon nanocages

Cited by 23 publications

References 48 publications

Novel Gram‐Scale Synthesis of Carbon Nano‐Onions from Heavy Oil for Supercapacitors

Novel Gram‐Scale Synthesis of Carbon Nano‐Onions from Heavy Oil for Supercapacitors

The Bipolar Mode of One‐Step Plasma Electrochemical Synthesis of Few Layer Graphene Structures Decorated with Transition Metal Oxides

Recent Progress of Hollow Carbon Nanocages: General Design Fundamentals and Diversified Electrochemical Applications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About