Simple Yet Efficient: Arylamine‐Terminated Carbazole Donors for Organic Hole Transporting Materials

Abstract

The extraordinary electronic and structural properties of carbazole make it an important donor for the molecular design of hole transport materials (HTMs). However, the development of peripheral carbazole donors has lagged behind. Herein, a series of low‐cost arylamine‐substituted carbazole donors are synthesized by a one‐step facile method. The effect of the terminal arylamine on the optoelectronic, thermal stability, hole mobility, and photovoltaic properties of the studied carbazole HTMs is also investigated. The diphenylamine‐ and carbazole‐substituted carbazoles possess the orthogonal–planar conformation, endowing the HTMs (M142 and M143) with excellent electronic properties and morphological properties. Consequently, power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 19.60% and 20.05% accompanied with a high photovoltage are achieved for M142‐ and M143‐based doped devices, respectively, outperforming the controlled cells based on nonsubstituted carbazole HTM (M145, PCE = 17.25%). Moreover, the devices based on M143 exhibit good long‐term storage, thermal, and light stability. This work provides a simple strategy for molecular design in developing efficient carbazole donors.

Benzothieno[3,2‐b]thiophene‐Based Noncovalent Conformational Lock Achieves Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency over 24 %

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The hole transporting material (HTM) plays an important role as a solid electrolyte to extract holes from the perovskite absorber layer and transport them to the cathode. [8,9] In the past decade detailed investigation on hole-transporting materials including small organic compounds, [10][11][12][13][14] metal organic compounds [15][16][17][18] and polymeric compounds [19][20][21][22] have been witnessed. According to the structural feature, small organic HTMs can be categorized into spiro-type, [23][24][25][26][27][28][29] starshaped [30][31][32][33] and linear molecules.…”

Asymmetrically Substituted 10H,10′H‐9,9′‐Spirobi[acridine] Derivatives as Hole‐Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells

“…In particular, it is known from previous studies that the reduced steric hindrance of rigid, planar carbazole derivatives might actually ease the charge motion with respect to their diarylamine counterparts. This should be reflected in improved charge mobilities [23, 24] . Grazing incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS) was used to rationalize the molecular orientation of the BSAs on the perovskite layer (Figure 3a–c).…”

“…This should be reflected in improved charge mobilities. [23,24] Grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) was used to rationalize the molecular orientation of the BSAs on the perovskite layer (Figure 3a-c). Both BSA50 and BSA51 Scheme 1.…”

Benzothieno[3,2‐b]thiophene‐Based Noncovalent Conformational Lock Achieves Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency over 24 %

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The hole transporting material (HTM) plays an important role as a solid electrolyte to extract holes from the perovskite absorber layer and transport them to the cathode. [8,9] In the past decade detailed investigation on hole-transporting materials including small organic compounds, [10][11][12][13][14] metal organic compounds [15][16][17][18] and polymeric compounds [19][20][21][22] have been witnessed. According to the structural feature, small organic HTMs can be categorized into spiro-type, [23][24][25][26][27][28][29] starshaped [30][31][32][33] and linear molecules.…”