Simplified assessment of segmental colonic transit

Metcalf, Amanda M.; Phillips, Sidney F.; Zinsmeister, Alan R.; MacCarty, Robert L.; Beart, Robert W.; Wolff, Bruce G.

doi:10.1016/0016-5085(87)90837-7

Cited by 871 publications

(584 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We identified one robust systematic review, 4 included studies that reported data that enabled calculation of sensitivity and specificity, 4,5,32,33 and two more recent studies (Table IV). 24,25 All studies except one 24 were performed in referred children.…”

Section: Abdominal Radiographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Value of Abdominal Radiography, Colonic Transit Time, and Rectal Ultrasound Scanning in the Diagnosis of Idiopathic Constipation in Children: A Systematic Review

Berger

Tabbers

Kurver

et al. 2012

The Journal of Pediatrics

112

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Section: Abdominal Radiographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Value of Abdominal Radiography, Colonic Transit Time, and Rectal Ultrasound Scanning in the Diagnosis of Idiopathic Constipation in Children: A Systematic Review

Berger

Tabbers

Kurver

et al. 2012

The Journal of Pediatrics

112

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“…In 1987, Metcalf and colleagues measured colonic transit times with the use of distinctive markers, ingested by 24 healthy subjects on 3 consecutive days (Metcalf et al, 1987).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring gastrointestinal variables affecting drug and formulation behavior: Methodologies, challenges and opportunities

Hens

Corsetti

Spiller

et al. 2017

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

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(2017) Exploring gastrointestinal variables affecting drug and formulation behavior: methodologies, challenges and opportunities. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 519 (1-2). pp. 79-97. ISSN 1873-3476Access from the University of Nottingham repository: http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/39960/1/FinalVersion-Revised-FOR_EPRINTS_1_YEAR_EMBARGO_ELSEVIER.pdf Copyright and reuse:The Nottingham ePrints service makes this work by researchers of the University of Nottingham available open access under the following conditions. This article is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives licence and may be reused according to the conditions of the licence. For more details see: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ A note on versions:The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the repository url above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. After oral intake, a drug formulation is challenged by several gastrointestinal (GI) barriers. Complex variables such as pH, GI secretions and GI transit/motility along the GI tract can affect drug release and absorption in a positive or negative way depending on the physicochemical properties of the drug compound (e.g. pH/pKa interplay for ionizable drugs) and/or the formulation characteristics (e.g. pHsensitive coating). In addition, inter-subject variability in characteristics of the GI environment may cause variable drug absorption and systemic drug availability (Riethorst et al., 2015). Determining the median and range for specific GI variables, and understanding how they influence oral drug behavior along the GI tract, will be helpful in the field of drug development. 2The present review provides an overview of different methodologies that can be applied to study physiological variables of the human GI tract and their impact on oral drug absorption in healthy and patient populations. The methodologies have been subdivided into two groups: (i) noninvasive and (ii) invasive methodologies. Although some of the methodologies are more historical than operational, they have been of paramount importance for innovations in drug and formulation development; in addition, they have created the basis for several novel methodologies, leading to an in-depth comprehension of different GI variables: gastric emptying (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), scintigraphy, acetaminophen absorption technique, ultrasonography, breath test, intraluminal sampling and telemetry), motility (MRI, small intestinal/colonic manometry and telemetry), GI volume changes (MRI and ultrasonography), temperature (telemetry) and GI pH (intraluminal sampling and telemetry). Noninvasive methodologiesa. Scintigraphy Disturbances in the normal movement of food along the GI tract can be associated with abdominal pain, early satiety and nausea. Measurement of GI transit, es...

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“…Probiotics mostly enter the human body via foods, and must be acid-and bile-resistant to survive in the gastrointestinal tract. The interval time from food entering and leaving the stomach is estimated as approximately 90 minutes, and efficient probiotic bacteria are those able to actively survive in the digestive tract for at least a few hours (17). Organisms undergo stress beginning in the stomach, with a pH between 1.5 and 3.0, which continues in the upper intestine due to the presence of bile.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Effects of Lactobacilli as a Cholesterol Assimilator and an Inhibitor of Gastrointestinal Pathogenic Bacteria

Emami¹,

Bazargani²

2014

Int J Enteric Pathog

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Background: Probiotics are live microbial supplements which can improve the healthy intestinal microbial balance. Lactobacilli are a group of lactic acid producing bacteria (LAB) that are known as natural probiotics found in the dairy products. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to detect the most potent Lactobacillus isolates of the Fars province local dairy products in cholesterol removal and investigate their antibacterial properties against some gastrointestinal pathogens. Materials and Methods: Fifteen locally produced yogurt samples of the Fars province were collected and characterized with routine microbiology methods. Cholesterol removal ability of the Lactobacilli isolates were determined, and their growth inhibitory effect on some standard pathogenic strains pathogen was evaluated using the well-diffusion method. Results: In this study, five common strains of Lactobacilli including L. acidophilus, L. casei, L. fermentum, L. lactis, and L. bulgaricuswere identified in the samples obtained from the locally produced yogurt in the Fars province. L. lactis and L. acidophilus were determined as the two most active strains with the maximum rate of cholesterol assimilation (5.6 and 4.5 mg/mL, respectively) in the process of cholesterol removal. In the antibacterial activity assay, the two mentioned strains had significant inhibitory effect on all of the tested bacteria except for B. subtilis. Conclusions: Cholesterol removal ability had a direct relation with bacterial growth, so it is suggested to use the probiotic bacteria in the growth phase to achieve better results.

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Simplified assessment of segmental colonic transit

Cited by 871 publications

References 14 publications

Value of Abdominal Radiography, Colonic Transit Time, and Rectal Ultrasound Scanning in the Diagnosis of Idiopathic Constipation in Children: A Systematic Review

Value of Abdominal Radiography, Colonic Transit Time, and Rectal Ultrasound Scanning in the Diagnosis of Idiopathic Constipation in Children: A Systematic Review

Exploring gastrointestinal variables affecting drug and formulation behavior: Methodologies, challenges and opportunities

Dual Effects of Lactobacilli as a Cholesterol Assimilator and an Inhibitor of Gastrointestinal Pathogenic Bacteria

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