Simplified electric vehicle powertrain model for range and energy consumption based on EPA coast-down parameters and test validation by Argonne National Lab data on the Nissan Leaf

Hayes, John G.; Davis, Kevin

doi:10.1109/itec.2014.6861831

Cited by 62 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…To simulate higher speed limits or strong headwinds, or large auxiliary loads, the various components of traction power demand on the cars' batteries were modelled mathematically and the energy consumption of the cars were calculated to estimate the drivable range at these high speeds and loads. Hayes et al [30] In this project the output of the model was compared with results from real-road driving on the two specific vehicles and the parameters calibrated accordingly. The model thus permitted the very accurate estimation of increased energy demands by changes to parameters such as vehicle weight, cross-frontal area due to a roof rack, and strong headwinds.…”

Section: Vehicle Mathematical Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall drive train energy losses change with vehicle loads but also between different types of cars and manufacturers. Obtaining these values from manufacturers is difficult [30] and is out of the scope of this project. Therefore these parameters were adjusted (calibrated) until the model agreed with the energy requirements measured on the real-road energy consumption tests.…”

Section: Vehicle Mathematical Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Driving electric vehicles at highway speeds: The effect of higher driving speeds on energy consumption and driving range for electric vehicles in Australia

Wäger

Whale

Bräunl

2016

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

126

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Keywords:Electric vehicles, Fast-DC charging, battery management system, cell balance, drivable range. 2 AbstractElectric vehicles (EVs) have the potential to operate emission free and thus overcome many environmental and health issues associated with cars run on fossil fuels. Recharging time and driving range are amongst the biggest hurdles for the mainstream acceptance and implementation of EV technology. Fast-DC charging significantly reduces the recharging time and can be used to make longer EV trips possible, e.g. on highways between cities. Although some EV and hybrid car studies have been conducted that address separately issues such as limited drivable ranges, charge stations, impact from auxiliary loads on vehicle energy consumption and emissions, there is currently limited research on the impact on drivable range from the combination of driving EVs at highway speeds, using auxiliary loads such as heating or air conditioning (AC), and reduced charge capacity from fast-DC charging and discharge safety margins. In this study we investigate these parameters and their impact on energy consumption and drivable range of EVs. Our results show a significantly reduced range under conditions relevant for highway driving and significant deviation from driving ranges published by EV manufacturers. The results and outcomes of this project are critical for the efficient design and implementation of so-called 'Electric Highways'. To prevent stranded cars and a possible negative perception of EVs, drivers and charging infrastructure planners need be aware of how EV energy and recharging demands can significantly change under different loads and driving patterns.

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Section: Vehicle Mathematical Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vehicle Mathematical Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving electric vehicles at highway speeds: The effect of higher driving speeds on energy consumption and driving range for electric vehicles in Australia

Wäger

Whale

Bräunl

2016

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As a test case, the Nissan Leaf ® 24 kWh Li-ion battery pack is considered [11]. The review of available Level 3/DC fast charging techniques are the cornerstone of this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive review and comparison of DC fast charging converter topologies: Improving electric vehicle plug-to-wheels efficiency

Channegowda

Pathipati

Williamson

2015

2015 IEEE 24th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE)

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The commercial success of electric vehicles (EVs) relies heavily on the presence of high-efficiency charging stations. This paper provides an overview and a comprehensive performance comparison of the present status and future implementation plans for DC fast charging infrastructures and converter topologies. The paper also discusses critical consequences of DC fast charging stations on the AC grid. Different power converter topologies for DC fast charging are presented, compared, and evaluated, based on the power level requirements, efficiency, cost, and technical performance specifications. The paper focuses specifically on Level-3 DC fast charging converter topologies and their performance comparison. Finally, the paper presents a detailed well-towheels (WTW) analysis from an energy-efficiency standpoint. The most important part of this analysis focuses on the effect of usage of various charging levels and charger topologies on the all-important plug-to-battery (P2B) energy-efficiency within the overall context of WTW energy cycle efficiency.

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“…A power-train model has been developed by the authors in [11][12]. The model in [12] is based on the EPA coastdown test parameters and is validated against the 2012 data published by Argonne.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model in [12] is based on the EPA coastdown test parameters and is validated against the 2012 data published by Argonne.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simplified electric vehicle models for use in undergraduate teaching and research

Hayes

2014

2014 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)

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In this paper, electric vehicle models are developed for use in undergraduate teaching and in vehicle range research. Versions of the material have been taught to secondyear (sophomore) and fourth-year (senior) engineering students. The model can consider the power train from the plug to the road, including charging, battery management, accessory and HVAC loads, traction inverter and motor, gearing, and vehicle load forces. The model is applied to the 2012 Nissan Leaf and validated against experimental test data published by the Argonne National Laboratory. The model can easily be modified to consider the technical abilities of the module. For instance, a DC motor model can used instead of an AC motor if the students have not covered phasor theory. Sample homework problems are provided.

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Simplified electric vehicle powertrain model for range and energy consumption based on EPA coast-down parameters and test validation by Argonne National Lab data on the Nissan Leaf

Cited by 62 publications

References 4 publications

Driving electric vehicles at highway speeds: The effect of higher driving speeds on energy consumption and driving range for electric vehicles in Australia

Driving electric vehicles at highway speeds: The effect of higher driving speeds on energy consumption and driving range for electric vehicles in Australia

Comprehensive review and comparison of DC fast charging converter topologies: Improving electric vehicle plug-to-wheels efficiency

Simplified electric vehicle models for use in undergraduate teaching and research

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