1995
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.1995.tb00004.x
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Simulated climate change: are passive greenhouses a valid microcosm for testing the biological effects of environmental perturbations?

Abstract: This paper considers the use of passive greenhouse apparatus in field experiments investigating the biological consequences of climate change. The literature contains many accounts of such experiments claiming relevance of greenhouse treatment effects to global change scenarios. However, inadequacies in microclimate monitoring, together with incomplete understanding of greenhouse modes of action, cast doubt upon such claims. Here, treatment effects upon temperature (magnitude, range, variation, rates of change… Show more

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Cited by 126 publications
(95 citation statements)
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References 43 publications
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“…These findings confirm studies of warming-induced increased moss biomass (Kennedy, 1995), but not other studies where moss cover decreased (Elmendorf et al, 2012, Wahren et al, 2005. We propose that by pointedly investigating representative mossplant functional groups in Antarctica we will be better suited to understand organismal to ecosystem-level processes (Dıaz & Cabido, 2001, Eviner & Chapin III, 2003, Suding et al, 2008 and how these processes are effected by climate change (Cannone & Pignatti, 2014, Chapin et al, 1996, Walther et al, 2002.…”
Section: Moss Biology and Ecology In The Fieldsupporting
confidence: 76%
“…These findings confirm studies of warming-induced increased moss biomass (Kennedy, 1995), but not other studies where moss cover decreased (Elmendorf et al, 2012, Wahren et al, 2005. We propose that by pointedly investigating representative mossplant functional groups in Antarctica we will be better suited to understand organismal to ecosystem-level processes (Dıaz & Cabido, 2001, Eviner & Chapin III, 2003, Suding et al, 2008 and how these processes are effected by climate change (Cannone & Pignatti, 2014, Chapin et al, 1996, Walther et al, 2002.…”
Section: Moss Biology and Ecology In The Fieldsupporting
confidence: 76%
“…Altering the temperature in the field invariably alters other factors, making it difficult to examine the pure effects of temperature, per se (Kennedy 1995). Compared with other temperature-enhancing manipulations, OTCs are a useful tool for studying the plant responses to global warming under realistic field conditions, as they allow trees to be planted as seeds or seedlings in the ground without the potential artifact of a pot (Norby et al 1997).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…ITEX uses open-topped chambers (OTCs) to produce a modest net warming of near-surface temperatures (generally around 1.2-1.8 °C). The advantages and disadvantages of this design are discussed by Kennedy (1995), Marion et al (1997), Wookey and Robinson (1997), and Hollister and Webber (2000), but, in summary, most of the heating is during the day because it is dependent upon incident solar radiation, there is a small attenuation of light (especially at low solar angles), wind speeds are generally reduced within the OTCs, and surface moisture may also be reduced due to exclusion of the precipitation around the edges of the chambers. In addition, due to lateral heat-sink effects, soil warming may not reach the magnitude expected, and snow cover and duration may also be affected due to altered drifting patterns within and around the OTCs.…”
Section: Itex-specific Constraints?mentioning
confidence: 99%