Simulated gastrointestinal digestion of polylactic acid (PLA) biodegradable microplastics and their interaction with the gut microbiota

Critical aspects in dissolution testing of nanomaterials in the oro-gastrointestinal tract: the relevance of juice composition for hazard identification and grouping

“…Recently, advanced in vitro digestive assays (initially implemented for food digestion or for microbiota analysis) have been under evaluation to study the dissolution of NMs under conditions as much as possible predictive of an in vivo scenario. 17,26 While the cascade based digestive method has found many applications, the simulating uids (intended as the molecular composition of each ingredient) to be applied are subject to open debate. In fact, there is still no common decision (which might include scientic justication) on which juice formulations to use.…”

“…Recently, advanced in vitro digestive assays (initially implemented for food digestion or for microbiota analysis) have been under evaluation to study the dissolution of NMs under conditions as much as possible predictive of an in vivo scenario. 17,26…”