Simulated impacts of historical land cover changes on global climate in northern winter

Chase, Thomas N.; Pielke, Roger A.; Kittel, T.G.F.; Nemani, Ramakrishna R.; Running, Steven W.

doi:10.1007/s003820050007

Cited by 443 publications

(311 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Temperate deforestation produces local cooling due to dominant albedo change and remote warming due to carbon-cycle effect; these effects cancel each other on a global-mean basis. Boreal deforestation, in addition to causing strong local cooling, produces cooling everywhere, suggesting remote cooling effects through circulation (28)(29)(30)(31).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined climate and carbon-cycle effects of large-scale deforestation

Bala

Caldeira

Wickett

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

845

725

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The prevention of deforestation and promotion of afforestation have often been cited as strategies to slow global warming. Deforestation releases CO 2 to the atmosphere, which exerts a warming influence on Earth's climate. However, biophysical effects of deforestation, which include changes in land surface albedo, evapotranspiration, and cloud cover also affect climate. Here we present results from several large-scale deforestation experiments performed with a three-dimensional coupled global carbon-cycle and climate model. These simulations were performed by using a fully three-dimensional model representing physical and biogeochemical interactions among land, atmosphere, and ocean. We find that global-scale deforestation has a net cooling influence on Earth's climate, because the warming carbon-cycle effects of deforestation are overwhelmed by the net cooling associated with changes in albedo and evapotranspiration. Latitude-specific deforestation experiments indicate that afforestation projects in the tropics would be clearly beneficial in mitigating global-scale warming, but would be counterproductive if implemented at high latitudes and would offer only marginal benefits in temperate regions. Although these results question the efficacy of mid- and high-latitude afforestation projects for climate mitigation, forests remain environmentally valuable resources for many reasons unrelated to climate.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined climate and carbon-cycle effects of large-scale deforestation

Bala

Caldeira

Wickett

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

845

725

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Local climate changes were also seen in regions where land cover did not change at all; in western central Asia, temperatures in June, July and August (JJA) were 0.5 K to 1.0 K lower with ACT than with NAT, and over the land around the Bering Straits, temperatures were different with ACT and NAT throughout much of the year. So, as well as in¯uencing climate in the immediate locality, large-scale land cover changes in the model in¯uenced the global circulation and hence affected the energy and water budgets in areas in which local vegetation change was not imposed (Chase et al, 2000).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeophysical impacts of land use on present‐day climate: near‐surface temperature change and radiative forcing

Schlosser

Dirmeyer

2001

Atmospheric Science Letters

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Changes in land cover affect climate through the surface energy and moisture budgets, but these biogeophysical impacts of land use have not yet been included in General Circulation Model (GCM) simulations of 20th century climate change.Here, the importance of these effects was assessed by comparing climate simulations performed with current and potential natural vegetation. The northern mid-latitude agricultural regions were simulated to be approximately 1±2 K cooler in winter and spring in comparison with their previously forested state, due to deforestation increasing the surface albedo by approximately 0.1 during periods of snow cover. Some other regions such as the Sahel and India experienced a small warming due to land use. Although the annual mean global temperature is only 0.02 K lower in the simulation with present-day land use, the more local temperature changes in some regions are of a similar magnitude to those observed since 1860. The global mean radiative forcing by anthropogenic surface albedo change relative to the natural state is simulated to be À0.2 Wm 2 , which is comparable with the estimated forcings relative to pre-industrial times by changes in stratospheric and tropospheric ozone, N 2 O, halocarbons, and the direct effect of anthropogenic aerosols. Since over half of global deforestation has occurred since 1860, simulations of climate since that date should include the biogeophysical effects of land use.*

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“…또한 기후 및 대기 모델링 연구에서는 지면경계 조건 자료로 이용되고 있어 정확한 토지피복 분류 자료 의 중요성이 점점 증대되고 있다 (Sellers et al, 1995;Chase et al, 2000).…”

Section: 서 론unclassified

Characteristics of MODIS land-cover data sets over Northeast Asia for the recent 12 years(2001-2012)

Park¹,

Suh²

2014

Korean Journal of Remote Sensing

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:In this study, we investigated the statistical occupations and interannual variations of land cover types over Northeast Asian region using the 12 years (2001-2012) MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) land cover data sets. The spatial resolution and land cover types of MODIS land cover data sets are 500 m and 17, respectively. The 12-year average shows that more than 80% of the analysis region is covered by only 3 types of land cover, cropland (36.96%), grasslands (23.14%) and mixed forests (22.97%). Whereas, only minor portion is covered by cropland/natural vegetation mosaics (6.09%), deciduous broadleaf forests (4.26%), urban and built-up (2.46%) and savannas (1.54%). Although sampling period is small, the regression analysis showed that the occupations of evergreen needleleaf forests, deciduous broadleaf forests and mixed forests are increasing but the occupations of woody savannas and savannas are decreasing. In general, the pixels where the land cover types are classified differently with year are amount to more than 10%. And the interannual variations in the occupations of land cover types are most prominent in cropland (1.41%), mixed forests (0.82%) and grasslands (0.73%). In addition, the percentage of pixels classified as 1 type for 12 years is only 57% and the other pixels are classified as more than 2 types, even 9 types. The annual changes in the classification of land cover types are mainly occurred at the almost entire region, except for the eastern and northwestern parts of China, where the single type of land cover located. When we take into consider the time scale needed for the land cover changes, the results indicate that the MODIS land cover data sets over the Northeast Asian region should be used with caution.

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Simulated impacts of historical land cover changes on global climate in northern winter

Cited by 443 publications

References 54 publications

Combined climate and carbon-cycle effects of large-scale deforestation

Combined climate and carbon-cycle effects of large-scale deforestation

Biogeophysical impacts of land use on present‐day climate: near‐surface temperature change and radiative forcing

Characteristics of MODIS land-cover data sets over Northeast Asia for the recent 12 years(2001-2012)

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