Simulated Microgravity Using a Rotary Culture System Compromises the In Vitro Development of Mouse Preantral Follicles

Zhang, Shen; Zheng, Dahan; Wu, Yihao; Lin, Weihong; Chen, Zaichong; Meng, L; Liu, Jun; Zhou, Ying

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0151062

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Error bar represents 1 SEM, *: p <0.05. This figure has been modified from Zhang et al 17 Please click here to view a larger version of this figure.…”

Section: Representative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<em>In Vitro</em> Growth of Mouse Preantral Follicles Under Simulated Microgravity

Zhang

Weng

et al. 2017

JoVE

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14 day-old mouse ovarian tissue and preantral follicles isolated from same-aged mice were incubated in a simulated microgravity culture system. We quantitatively assessed follicle survival, measured follicle and oocyte diameters, and examined ultrastructure of the oocytes produced from the system. We observed decreased follicle survival, downregulation of expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and growth differentiation factor 9, as indicators for the development of granulosa cells and oocytes, respectively, and oocyte ultrastructural abnormalities under the simulated microgravity condition. The simulated microgravity experimental setup needs to be optimized to provide a model for investigation of the mechanisms involved in the oocyte/follicle in vitro development.

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“…Error bar represents 1 SEM, *: p <0.05. This figure has been modified from Zhang et al 17 Please click here to view a larger version of this figure.…”

Section: Representative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<em>In Vitro</em> Growth of Mouse Preantral Follicles Under Simulated Microgravity

Zhang

Weng

et al. 2017

JoVE

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“…Using the antiorthostatic suspension model to simulate the effects of weightlessness on female mice, we showed that regulation of cytoskeletal organization occurs primarily at the translation level, maintaining the protein pattern unchanged but with a predominant increase in the mRNA contents of the corresponding genes [9]. In oocytes, blebbing and delayed maturation are observed [10] as are vacuolated mitochondria [11]. At the same time, oocytes provide mitochondria and the future energy supply to embryos; during oogenesis, mitochondria are selected and the selected variants are intensively increased [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Respiration in Drosophila Ovaries after a Full Cycle of Oogenesis under Simulated Microgravity

Ogneva,

Usik

2021

CIMB

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Studies of the function of the female reproductive system in zero gravity are urgent for the future exploration of deep space. Female reproductive cells, oocytes, are rich in mitochondria, which allow oocytes to produce embryos. The rate of cellular respiration was determined to assess the functional state of the mitochondrial apparatus in Drosophila melanogaster ovaries in which the full cycle of oogenesis took place under simulated microgravity. Since cellular respiration depends on the state of the cytoskeleton, the contents of the main cytoskeletal proteins were determined by Western blotting. To modulate the structure of the cytoskeleton, essential phospholipids were administered per os at a dosage of 500 mg/kg in medium. The results of this study show that after a full cycle of oogenesis under simulated microgravity, the rate of cellular respiration in the fruit fly ovaries increases, apparently due to complex II of the respiratory chain. At the same time, we did not find any changes in the area of oocytes or in the content of proteins in the respiratory chain. However, changes were found in the relative contents of proteins of the actin cytoskeleton. There were no changes of essential phospholipids and no increase in the rate of cellular respiration of the ovaries after exposure to simulated microgravity. However, in the control, the administration of essential phospholipids led to a decrease in the efficiency of oxygen consumption in the flies’ ovaries due to complexes IV–V.

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“…These studies have concluded that microgravity does not prevent animal reproduction. However, because of the difficulty in maintaining mammals and performing experiments in space, studies of mammal reproduction in space have not progressed as well as in other animals, and only a few papers have been published (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). Those studies and our previous study (19) have suggested that mammalian reproduction in space under conditions of microgravity cannot be easily compared with reproduction in other species.…”

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confidence: 97%

Healthy offspring from freeze-dried mouse spermatozoa held on the International Space Station for 9 months

Wakayama

Kamada

Yamanaka

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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If humans ever start to live permanently in space, assisted reproductive technology using preserved spermatozoa will be important for producing offspring; however, radiation on the International Space Station (ISS) is more than 100 times stronger than that on Earth, and irradiation causes DNA damage in cells and gametes.Here we examined the effect of space radiation on freeze-dried mouse spermatozoa held on the ISS for 9 mo at -95°C, with launch and recovery at room temperature. DNA damage to the spermatozoa and male pronuclei was slightly increased, but the fertilization and birth rates were similar to those of controls. Nextgeneration sequencing showed only minor genomic differences between offspring derived from space-preserved spermatozoa and controls, and all offspring grew to adulthood and had normal fertility. Thus, we demonstrate that although space radiation can damage sperm DNA, it does not affect the production of viable offspring after at least 9 mo of storage on the ISS.International Space Station | preservation | freeze-dry | spermatozoa | fertilization S ince the "space dog" Laika (Лайка) was first placed into orbit in 1957 (1), many humans and animals have been to space or stayed on the International Space Station (ISS) for more than 6 mo. In the future, humans likely will live on largescale space stations or in other space habitats for several years or even over many generations. At that time, assisted reproductive technology (ART) likely will be used to produce humans in space habitats, given that the use of ART by infertile couples has increased year by year and that ART can be performed with cryopreserved spermatozoa or embryos (2, 3). In a similar way, domestic animals likely will be generated by artificial insemination (AI) in space, because many domestic animals are already produced by AI using long-term cryopreserved spermatozoa (4). In addition, genetic diversity is very important for maintaining a species, especially in small colonies, and this could be achieved by cryopreserving a diverse range of gamete cells. The environment in space is very different from that on Earth, however, including high levels of space radiation and microgravity, and the effects of these factors on mammalian reproduction are largely unknown. Although with current technology, producing offspring in such an environment can be difficult or dangerous (5), the study of reproduction in space is a very important subject for our future.So far, the effects of microgravity on early development have been studied using sea urchins, fish, amphibians, and birds (6-12). These studies have concluded that microgravity does not prevent animal reproduction. However, because of the difficulty in maintaining mammals and performing experiments in space, studies of mammal reproduction in space have not progressed as well as in other animals, and only a few papers have been published (13-18). Those studies and our previous study (19) have suggested that mammalian reproduction in space under conditions of microgravity cannot be easil...

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Simulated Microgravity Using a Rotary Culture System Compromises the In Vitro Development of Mouse Preantral Follicles

Cited by 16 publications

References 37 publications

<em>In Vitro</em> Growth of Mouse Preantral Follicles Under Simulated Microgravity

<em>In Vitro</em> Growth of Mouse Preantral Follicles Under Simulated Microgravity

Mitochondrial Respiration in Drosophila Ovaries after a Full Cycle of Oogenesis under Simulated Microgravity

Healthy offspring from freeze-dried mouse spermatozoa held on the International Space Station for 9 months

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