Simulated perturbation in the sea-to-air flux of dimethylsulfide and the impact on polar climate

Qu, Bo; Gabric, Albert Jerome; Jackson, Rebecca

doi:10.1007/s00343-020-0007-8

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Overall, these studies lend support to parts of the CLAW hypothesis, however modeling attempts to assess the direction and magnitude of the DMS-climate feedback [33][34][35] have often led to contradictory results [36][37][38][39][40]. Other regional modeling studies indicate significant meridional variability in future DMS emissions under warming, with the strongest response simulated at high latitudes in both hemispheres [41][42][43][44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Climate Change Impacts on the Marine Cycling of Biogenic Sulfur: A Review

Jackson

Gabric

2022

Microorganisms

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A key component of the marine sulfur cycle is the climate-active gas dimethylsulfide (DMS), which is synthesized by a range of organisms from phytoplankton to corals, and accounts for up to 80% of global biogenic sulfur emissions. The DMS cycle starts with the intracellular synthesis of the non-gaseous precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), which is released to the water column by various food web processes such as zooplankton grazing. This dissolved DMSP pool is rapidly turned over by microbially mediated conversion using two known pathways: demethylation (releasing methanethiol) and cleavage (producing DMS). Some of the formed DMS is ventilated to the atmosphere, where it undergoes rapid oxidation and contributes to the formation of sulfate aerosols, with the potential to affect cloud microphysics, and thus the regional climate. The marine phase cycling of DMS is complex, however, as heterotrophs also contribute to the consumption of the newly formed dissolved DMS. Interestingly, due to microbial consumption and other water column sinks such as photolysis, the amount of DMS that enters the atmosphere is currently thought to be a relatively minor fraction of the total amount cycled through the marine food web—less than 10%. These microbial processes are mediated by water column temperature, but the response of marine microbial assemblages to ocean warming is poorly characterized, although bacterial degradation appears to increase with an increase in temperature. This review will focus on the potential impact of climate change on the key microbially mediated processes in the marine cycling of DMS. It is likely that the impact will vary across different biogeographical regions from polar to tropical. For example, in the rapidly warming polar oceans, microbial communities associated with the DMS cycle will likely change dramatically during the 21st century with the decline in sea ice. At lower latitudes, where corals form an important source of DMS (P), shifts in the microbiome composition have been observed during thermal stress with the potential to alter the DMS cycle.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Climate Change Impacts on the Marine Cycling of Biogenic Sulfur: A Review

Jackson

Gabric

2022

Microorganisms

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“…Second, e.g., organosulfates are markers for secondary organic aerosol formation with reactions of precursors with anthropogenic pollutants, including sulfates, dimethyl sulfide, and other sulfur-containing nucleophiles like SO 2 (He et al, 2014;Ye et al, 2021). Additionally, marine biogenic emissions of reduced sulfur compounds are a major source of dimethyl sulfide (DMS), carbon disulfide (CS 2 ), and their oxidation product carbonyl sulfide (OCS) (Qu et al, 2021;Lennartz et al, 2017). The presence of nitrogen in the precursor, as well as the high abundance of NO x , may also lead to the formation of nitrooxy-organosulfates (He et al, 2014).…”

Section: Sulfur-containing Compounds (Chos/chnos)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass spectrometric analysis of unprecedented high levels of carbonaceous aerosol particles long-range transported from wildfires in the Siberian Arctic

Schneider,

Czech,

Popovicheva

et al. 2024

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Wildfires in Siberia generate large amounts of aerosols, which may be transported over long distances and pose a threat to the sensitive ecosystem of the Arctic. Particulate matter (PM) of aged wildfire plumes originating from Yakutia in August 2021 was collected in Nadym and on Bely Island (both in northwestern Siberia). An advanced analysis of the chemical composition of aerosol particles was conducted through a multi-wavelength thermal–optical carbon analyzer (TOCA) coupled to resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (REMPI-TOFMS) as well as through ultra-high-resolution Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). In Nadym, concentrations of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) peaked at 100 and 40 µg m−3, respectively, associated with Angström absorption exponents for 405 and 808 nm (AAE405/808) between 1.5 and 3.3. The weekly average on Bely Island peaked at 8.9 µg m−3 of OC and 0.3 µg m−3 of EC and AAE405/808 close to unity. In particular, ambient aerosol in Nadym had a distinct biomass burning profile with pyrolysis products from carbohydrates, such as cellulose and hemicellulose, as well as lignin and resinoic acids. However, temporarily higher concentrations of five- and six-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), different from the PAH signature of biomass burning, suggest a contribution of regional gas flaring. FT-ICR MS with electrospray ionization (ESI) revealed a complex mixture of highly functionalized compounds, containing up to 20 oxygen atoms, as well as nitrogen- and sulfur-containing moieties. Concentrations of biomass burning markers on Bely Island were substantially lower than in Nadym, flanked by the appearance of unique compounds with higher oxygen content, higher molecular weight, and lower aromaticity. Back-trajectory analysis and satellite-derived aerosol optical depth suggested long-range transport of aerosol from the center of a Yakutian wildfire plume to Nadym and from the plume periphery to Bely Island. Owing to lower aerosol concentrations in the plume periphery than in its center, it is demonstrated how dilution affects the chemical plume composition during atmospheric aging.

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“…Levasseur 2013 ). In the Arctic region, oceanic DMS emissions could cause a significant cooling effect following enhanced CCN formation (Mungall et al 2016 ; Hopkins et al 2020 ; Park et al 2021 ; Qu et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of a changing Arctic Ocean and climate for the biogeochemical cycling of dimethyl sulphide and carbon monoxide

Campen

Arévalo‐Martínez

Artioli

et al. 2021

Ambio

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Dimethyl sulphide (DMS) and carbon monoxide (CO) are climate-relevant trace gases that play key roles in the radiative budget of the Arctic atmosphere. Under global warming, Arctic sea ice retreats at an unprecedented rate, altering light penetration and biological communities, and potentially affect DMS and CO cycling in the Arctic Ocean. This could have socio-economic implications in and beyond the Arctic region. However, little is known about CO production pathways and emissions in this region and the future development of DMS and CO cycling. Here we summarize the current understanding and assess potential future changes of DMS and CO cycling in relation to changes in sea ice coverage, light penetration, bacterial and microalgal communities, pH and physical properties. We suggest that production of DMS and CO might increase with ice melting, increasing light availability and shifting phytoplankton community. Among others, policy measures should facilitate large-scale process studies, coordinated long term observations and modelling efforts to improve our current understanding of the cycling and emissions of DMS and CO in the Arctic Ocean and of global consequences.

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Simulated perturbation in the sea-to-air flux of dimethylsulfide and the impact on polar climate

Cited by 8 publications

References 62 publications

Climate Change Impacts on the Marine Cycling of Biogenic Sulfur: A Review

Climate Change Impacts on the Marine Cycling of Biogenic Sulfur: A Review

Mass spectrometric analysis of unprecedented high levels of carbonaceous aerosol particles long-range transported from wildfires in the Siberian Arctic

The role of a changing Arctic Ocean and climate for the biogeochemical cycling of dimethyl sulphide and carbon monoxide

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