Simulated shift work during pregnancy does not impair progeny metabolic outcomes in sheep

Abstract

Key points Maternal shift work increases the risk of pregnancy complications, although its effects on progeny health after birth are not clear. We evaluated the impact of a simulated shift work protocol for one‐third, two‐thirds or all of pregnancy on the metabolic health of sheep progeny. Simulated shift work had no effect on growth, body size, body composition or glucose tolerance in pre‐pubertal or young adult progeny. Glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion was reduced in adult female progeny and insulin sensitivity was increased in adult female singleton progeny. The results of the present study do not support the hypothesis that maternal shift work exposure impairs metabolic health of progeny in altricial species. Abstract Disrupted maternal circadian rhythms, such as those experienced during shift work, are associated with impaired progeny metabolism in rodents. The effects of disrupted maternal circadian rhythms on progeny metabolism have not been assessed in altricial, non‐litter bearing species. We therefore assessed postnatal growth from birth to adulthood, as well as body composition, glucose tolerance, insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity, in pre‐pubertal and young adult progeny of sheep exposed to control conditions (CON: 10 males, 10 females) or to a simulated shift work (SSW) protocol for the first one‐third (SSW0‐7: 11 males, 9 females), the first two‐thirds (SSW0‐14: 8 males, 11 females) or all (SSW0‐21: 8 males, 13 females) of pregnancy. Progeny growth did not differ between maternal treatments. In pre‐pubertal progeny (12–14 weeks of age), adiposity, glucose tolerance and insulin secretion during an i.v. glucose tolerance test and insulin sensitivity did not differ between maternal treatments. Similarly, in young adult progeny (12–14 months of age), food intake, adiposity and glucose tolerance did not differ between maternal treatments. At this age, however, insulin secretion in response to a glucose bolus was 30% lower in female progeny in the combined SSW groups compared to control females (P = 0.031), and insulin sensitivity of SSW0‐21 singleton females was 236% compared to that of CON singleton female progeny (P = 0.025). At least in this model, maternal SSW does not impair progeny metabolic health, with some evidence of greater insulin action in female young adult progeny.

Maternal Chronodisruption Throughout Pregnancy Impairs Glucose Homeostasis and Adipose Tissue Physiology in the Male Rat Offspring

“…An interesting comparison of our results with those available in sheep suggests to us that sheep are more resilient than the rat to the impact of photoperiod changes during gestation (21,55). The evidence supports those minor changes that occur in pregnant sheep in comparison to the pregnant rat as well as the minor changes observed in the young lamb offspring, opening the possibility to speculate that a protective physiological environment allows the sheep to cope with adverse environmental cues.…”