Simulating an exclusion zone for vapour intrusion of TCE from groundwater into indoor air

Influence of Soil Moisture on Soil Gas Vapor Concentration for Vapor Intrusion

“…The assessment of extent and hazard posed by vapor intrusion of VOCs into buildings has received increasing attention in recent years (Murphy and Chan, 2011;Eklund et al, 2012;McHugh et al, 2012;Picone et al, 2012;Turczynowicz et al, 2012;Wang et al, 2012). With *500,000 contaminated sites in the United States presenting uncertain VOC vapor intrusion risk (Schuver, 2007), the assessment of risk from inhalation of these vapors has been a topic of recent discussion, field investigations (Fitzpatrick and Fitzgerald, 2002;Sanders and Hers, 2006;William et al, 2007), and modeling studies (Abreu and Johnson, 2005;DeVaull, 2007;Tillman and Weaver, 2007;Bozkurt et al, 2009;Pennell et al, 2009;Yao et al, 2011).…”

Development of a Model for Predicting the Volatilization Flux from Unsaturated Soil Contaminated by Volatile Chemical Substances

“…Such studies have examined the diffusion through soil of volatilized VCSs under unsaturated conditions. These works can be classified into those that tried the optimization of a series of parameters for the evaluation of the advection and dispersion of volatilized VCSs via comparisons with experimental data [2][3][4][5][6], and those that attempted to predict the distribution of volatilized VCSs targeting the soil gas extraction as remediation process and risk assessment [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Several studies also investigated the behavior of volatized VCSs near the ground surface.…”

“…1 A schematic illustration of soil and groundwater contamination by volatile chemical substances (VCSs) effect of source concentration and soil type on the indoor air concentration of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME), and ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) in gasoline leaking from an underground storage tank, using the odor thresholds and toxicities of these compounds as indicators. In addition, Wang et al [15] quantitatively evaluated variations in the indoor air concentration of trichloroethylene (TCE) due to soil vapor intrusion into houses located both above and adjacent to the contamination plume in an aquifer. Their work indicated that houses that are laterally offset from the contamination plume are less affected by vapor intrusion because of the minimal transverse flux of TCE within the plume.…”

“…In the RLP model proposed by Stone [20] based on Eqs. ( 13) to (15), a consistent limitation for estimation of k rn S w , S g is applied even if phase condition in the pore spaces transitions from single-to three-phase. As noted, the RLP value for water, expressed as k rw S w , is assumed to be solely a function of S w even in three-phase system.…”

Analytical quantification of the subslab volatile organic vapor concentration from a non-uniform source

“…The risks of inhalation of indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were first addressed by the U.S. EPA guidance in 1992 (EPA, 1992), and since then, the associated health and safety concerns have been discussed in numerous field studies (Fischer and Uchrin, 1996; Fitzpatrick and Fitzgerald, 2002; Folkes et al, 2010; Luo et al, 2009; McAlary et al, 2009; McHugh et al, 2012; Sanders and Hers, 2006; Turczynowicz et al, 2012) and modeling studies (Johnston and Gibson, 2010; Mills et al, 2007; Murphy and Chan, 2011; Park, 1993; Turczynowicz and Robinson, 2007; Wang et al, 2012; William et al, 2007). In 2012, the U.S. Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation (OSRTI) (EPA, 2012c) developed a vapor intrusion screening level calculator.…”