Simulating and Quantifying the Environmental Influence on Coral Colony Growth and Form

Kaandorp, Jaap A.; Filatov, Maxim V.; Chindapol, Nol

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-0114-4_11

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…A method to quantify the complex-shaped geometry of the aggregates is computation of fractal dimensions or Hausdorff dimension (Mandelbrot 1983, Bradbury andReichelt 1983;Morse et al1985;Kaandorp 1991;Kaandorp et al 2011) which quantifies the self-similarity properties. In order to calculate fractal dimension, different methods, like box counting, radius of gyration, and correlation function, have been introduced.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Biosilicification at Subcellular Scales

Javaheri

Cronemberger

Kaandorp

2013

Biomedical Inorganic Polymers

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Biosilicification occurs in many organisms. Sponges and diatoms are major examples of them. In this chapter, we introduce a modeling approach that describes several biological mechanisms controlling silicification. Modeling biosilicification is a typical multiscale problem where processes at very different temporal and spatial scales need to be coupled: processes at the molecular level, physiological processes at the subcellular and cellular level, etc. In biosilicification morphology plays a fundamental role, and a spatiotemporal model is required. In the case of sponges, a particle simulation based on diffusion-limited aggregation is presented here. This model can describe fractal properties of silica aggregates in first steps of deposition on an organic template. In the case of diatoms, a reaction-diffusion model is introduced which can describe the concentrations of chemical components and has the possibility to include polymerization chain of reactions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Biosilicification at Subcellular Scales

Javaheri

Cronemberger

Kaandorp

2013

Biomedical Inorganic Polymers

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomedical Inorganic Polymers

Müller¹,

Wang²,

Schröder³

2013

Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology

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“…Unlike the other growth forms, branching in corals is a complex process, quite distinct from the growth of other coral shapes (Merks et al, 2004). However, such branching growth has been successfully captured through considering polyp-orientation and consideration of diffusion of nutrients (Merks et al, 2004;Kaandorp et al, 2011). Our future work will take a simplified version of this approach to simulate branching growth forms.…”

Section: Conclusion and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two-dimensional modelling has been used to investigate coral dynamics and disturbance (Horwitz et al, 2017), competition (Johnson & Seinen, 2002), community composition (Maguire & Porter, 1977), calcification rates and reef zonation (Graus et al, 1984). Work by Kaandorp et al (2011) tackled coral growth in three-dimensions (3D) in fine detail. These sophisticated models considered light, diffusion of nutrients and the formation of different shapes via accretive growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primary aim of the functional-structural coral model developed here was to determine whether simple local variables and functional type parameters can recreate the range of major coral shapes observed in nature. Space and light, the main limiting resources for which corals compete on a healthy coral reef (Kaandorp et al, 2011;Dornelas et al, 2017), are built into the model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A functional-structural coral model

2017

Syme, G., Hatton MacDonald, D., Fulton, B. And Piantadosi, J. (Eds) MODSIM2017, 22nd International Congress on Modelling and Si

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In biological systems, structural complexity is recognized as an important driver of coexistence and species diversity. This is particularly true for coral reefs, where some of the most biodiverse life on Earth coexists. A key contributor to reef structural complexity is the varied morphologies into which reef corals can grow. A large number of coral species of different forms can be found on a typical reef system, and, as well, individual species may show high plasticity in growth morphology in response to the local environmental conditions. As environmental conditions and disturbances regimes shift with climate change, future coral reef assemblages are in question. Many corals respond to light in a comparable ways to plants, due to the presence of symbiotic algae in the cells of the animals that photosynthesise and it is well established that corals respond to their environment (e.g. light) by adjusting their morphology. Corals have very slow growth rates and field observations capturing growth and competition are therefore difficult. As such, a modelling approach provides a much needed opportunity to explore changes in coral structure and functioning. Here, we adapt a functionalstructural plant modelling approach, commonly used in plant sciences, to represent coral colonies. Functional-structural modelling combines functional components, such as photosynthesis, growth rates, transport of resources and responses to environmental parameters, with a dynamic representation of the 3D structure or architecture of the modelled plant(s), or in this case, corals. The aim was to create a 3D functional-structural model where structure, function and response to local environmental factors are specified by a set of 'morpho-functional' parameters, and determine whether this model could represent some of the major coral growth forms seen on coral reefs. Understanding the growth, competition and mortality of organisms at a three-dimensional (3D) level is important in understanding an organism's role as an engineering species and the mechanisms that lead to the maintenance of structural integrity. The results show that the model can simulate corals with distinct morphologies by varying the simple set of morpho-functional parameters, including resources required for growth, self-avoidance and resource sharing. From varying these parameters, coral morphologies emerge that match with observed coral shapes in nature that are known to have different growth rates and structural fragility. These include hemispherical, encrusting, columnar and tabular forms. The full diversity of morphologies is not yet captured, and further investigation into other parameters is required. There are many potential future applications of this functional-structural coral model, including matching model output at a coral community level to field measurements from a real coral community. If the model can represent real morphological assemblages for different environmental conditions it could be used to predict future assemblages under different climatic d...

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Simulating and Quantifying the Environmental Influence on Coral Colony Growth and Form

Cited by 15 publications

References 39 publications

Modeling Biosilicification at Subcellular Scales

Modeling Biosilicification at Subcellular Scales

Biomedical Inorganic Polymers

A functional-structural coral model

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