Simulating arcs and rings in gatherings

Tucker, Charles W.; Schweingruber, David; McPhail, Clark

doi:10.1006/ijhc.1998.0255

Cited by 19 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Simulation program called GATHERING graphically shows movement, milling, and structural emergence in crowds. The same simulation system was later used by Schweingruber (1995) to study effects of reference signals in common to coordination of collective behavior and by Tucker et al (1999) to study formation of arcs and rings in temporary gatherings. Jager et al (2001) modeled clustering and fighting in two-party crowds.…”

Section: Sociological Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groups and crowd simulation

Musse¹,

Ulicny²,

Aubel³

et al. 2005

ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Courses on - SIGGRAPH '05

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A crowd is not only a group of many individuals: crowd modeling involves problems arising only when we focus on crowds. For instance, collision avoidance among a large number of individuals in the same area requires different resolving strategies in comparison with the methods used to avoid collisions between just two individuals. Also, motion planning for a group walking together requires more information than needed to implement individual motion planning. This Chapter presents the related works on the subject of groups and crowd simulation as well as discusses the requirements to model behaviors of groups and crowds of virtual actors; current applications, recently applied approaches and challenges of crowd simulations are described.

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Section: Sociological Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groups and crowd simulation

Musse¹,

Ulicny²,

Aubel³

et al. 2005

ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Courses on - SIGGRAPH '05

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“…Crowd simulation in computer graphics dates back to 1980s [1] . In recent years, it has attracted significant attention from many research fields, not limited to computer animation and simulation, due to its broad applications in a variety of fields including military simulation [2] , architectural design [3][4][5] , safety science [6][7][8][9] , entertainment [10][11] , physics [12] , psychology [13] , training systems [14] , robotics [15] , sociology [16][17] , city planning [18] , traffic engineering [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] , insect swarm simulation [28][29][30][31] , and culture computing [32] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crowd Simulation and Its Applications: Recent Advances

Jiang

Jin

et al. 2014

J. Comput. Sci. Technol.

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This article surveys the state-of-the-art crowd simulation techniques and their selected applications, with its focus on our recent research advances in this rapidly growing research field. We first give a categorized overview on the mainstream methodologies of crowd simulation. Then, we describe our recent research advances on crowd evacuation, pedestrian crowds, crowd formation, traffic simulation, and swarm simulation. Finally, we offer our viewpoints on open crowd simulation research challenges and point out potential future directions in this field.

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“…groups (7)(8)(9)(10)(11). The last category deals with how people form groups while walking and the proportions of these groups.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Standard Pedestrian-Equivalent Factors

Galiza

Ferreira

2012

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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groups (7-11). The last category deals with how people form groups while walking and the proportions of these groups. This paper deals with different pedestrian types segregated according to well-established pedestrian categories (e.g., commuters, older adults), although focus is more on how they are handled in design. It has been established that the introduction of other pedestrian types (e.g., older adults) in commuter-only traffic shifts the level of service (LOS) in the design guidelines (12, 13) such that assumed LOS might not represent the actual pedestrian experience within the facility. Contemporary analysis of pedestrian capacity has yet to mature to account implicitly for the effect of the heterogeneity in pedestrian traffic, although some form of adjustment factor has been suggested. Only a few studies have recommended a means for considering diversity in the design of pedestrian facilities (14-17). Nevertheless, no consensus or standard procedure for tackling pedestrian diversity has been proposed. This paper introduces the concept of standard pedestrian-equivalent (SPE) factors, with the aim of presenting a standard methodology. This paper is organized as follows. The next section briefly discusses the research objectives. Past work on PCE estimation and comparison of vehicle and pedestrian traffic and the details of the proposed SPE methodology are described in two sections that follow. The results of the sensitivity analysis and case study are then presented, and those are followed by an illustration of the application of this study. The paper ends with the presentation of relevant findings and recommendations for future investigations. ReseaRch ObjectivesThis paper introduces the concept of SPE factors with the aim of presenting a standard methodology for dealing with heterogeneity in pedestrian flow as the PCE methodology does in the HCM. The Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual (18) is the transit counterpart to HCM 2010 (19). The manual contains quantitative techniques for calculating passenger circulation, and LOS in transit stations or terminals are primarily founded on Fruin (20). This is the reason for using Fruin's data in this paper: to investigate the effects of operational and physical factors in the walkway design process. The manual recommends an adjustment factor to account for pedestrians who use additional space, although limited guidance on the factor to use is provided. This research has three specific objectives: (a) to evaluate PCE methodologies to be adapted for SPE estimation, (b) to test the methodology by varying pedestrian walking speed and body size inputs through microsimulation; and Vehicle traffic does not consist entirely of passenger cars but also recreational vehicles (RVs), buses, and trucks. To address the problem in capacity analysis, passenger car-equivalent (PCE) factors were introduced. Use of PCE started in the 1965 Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) with the purpose of converting heterogeneous vehicle flow into an equivalent passenger car flow (1). PC...

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Simulating arcs and rings in gatherings

Cited by 19 publications

References 7 publications

Groups and crowd simulation

Groups and crowd simulation

Crowd Simulation and Its Applications: Recent Advances

Developing Standard Pedestrian-Equivalent Factors

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