Simulating occupant injury in rollover crashes. Part 1: a numerical comparison of design procedures for vehicle roof strength assessment

Lima, Anderson de; Marczak, Rogério José

doi:10.1080/13588265.2014.972652

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…de Lima and Marczak did the simulation for at least 1,500 ms; the first contact of the tire with the ground was in 375 ms, and the first contact of the roof with the ground was in 530 ms ( Figure 10) [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Low-Back Booster Analysis in a 6-Year-Old Infant during a Dolly Rollover Test

Cruz-Jaramillo

Miguel

Martínez-Sáez

et al. 2020

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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This paper analyzes the possible head and chest injuries, produced in a Hybrid III dummy model of a six-year-old child during a rollover test, while the child uses a passive safety system low-back booster (LBB). Vehicle seats and passive safety systems were modeled with a CAD (Computer Aided Design) software; later, all elements were analyzed using the finite element method (FEM) with LS-DYNA® software. The border conditions were established for each study, in accordance with the regulations of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS), and following the FMVSS 213 standard for the mounting and fastening of the infant, the FMVSS 208 for the dolly methodology test with the vehicle rollover was performed, implementing such analysis under the same conditions for a vehicle Toyota Yaris 2010. The numerical simulations were performed during an interval of 1 second, obtaining data values for periods of 2 milliseconds. This paper examines the efficiency of the system; three case studies were carried out: Study I: vehicle seat belt (VSB); Study II: the LBB system was secured by the seat belt; Study III: the LBB system with ISOFIX anchorage. The values of decelerations for the head and thorax of the infant were obtained, as well as neck flexion and thoracic deflection. The main factor to reduce injuries during a rollover accident is the correct anchorage of the LBB, and this is achieved with the ISOFIX system, since it prevents the independent movement of the LBB, unlike when it is fastened with the seat belt of the vehicle. The results show low levels of head and chest injury when ISOFIX is used because of reduced thoracic deflection during infant retention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Low-Back Booster Analysis in a 6-Year-Old Infant during a Dolly Rollover Test

Cruz-Jaramillo

Miguel

Martínez-Sáez

et al. 2020

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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show abstract

“…Among all types of vehicle accidents, rollover crashes are the most complex and least understood [ 1 ]. Rollover crashes are associated with approximately 20% of all fatal crashes in the United States [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Curtain Airbag on Occupant Kinematics and Injury Index in Rollover Crash

Liu

Jiang

Cui

et al. 2018

Applied Bionics and Biomechanics

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Background Occupant injuries in rollover crashes are associated with vehicle structural performance, as well as the restraint system design. For a better understanding of the occupant kinematics and injury index in certain rollover crash, it is essential to carry out dynamic vehicle rollover simulation with dummy included. Objective This study focused on effects of curtain airbag (CAB) parameters on occupant kinematics and injury indexes in a rollover crash. Besides, optimized parameters of the CAB were proposed for the purpose of decreasing the occupant injuries in such rollover scenario. Method and Material The vehicle motion from the physical test was introduced as the input for the numerical simulation, and the 50% Hybrid III dummy model from the MADYMO database was imported into a simulation model. The restraint system, including a validated CAB module, was introduced for occupant kinematics simulation and injury evaluation. TTF setting, maximum inflator pressure, and protection area of the CAB were analysed. Results After introducing the curtain airbag, the maximum head acceleration was reduced from 91.60 g to 49.52 g, and the neck Mx and neck Fz were reduced significantly. Among these CAB parameters, the TTF setting had the largest effect on the head acceleration which could reduce 8.6 g furthermore after optimization. The neck Fz was decreased from 3766.48 N to 2571.77 N after optimization of CAB protection area. Conclusions Avoiding hard contact is critical for the occupant protection in the rollover crashes. The simulation results indicated that occupant kinematics and certain injury indexes were improved with the help of CAB in such rollover scenario. Appropriate TTF setting and inflator selection could benefit occupant kinematics and injury indexes. Besides, it was advised to optimize the curtain airbag thickness around the head contact area to improve head and neck injury indexes.

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Rollover crashworthiness analyses – an overview and state of the art

Seyedi

Jung

Wekezer

et al. 2019

International Journal of Crashworthiness

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Simulating occupant injury in rollover crashes. Part 1: a numerical comparison of design procedures for vehicle roof strength assessment

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Numerical Low-Back Booster Analysis in a 6-Year-Old Infant during a Dolly Rollover Test

Numerical Low-Back Booster Analysis in a 6-Year-Old Infant during a Dolly Rollover Test

The Effects of Curtain Airbag on Occupant Kinematics and Injury Index in Rollover Crash

Rollover crashworthiness analyses – an overview and state of the art

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