Simulating of Bird Strike on Aircraft Laminated Glazing

Abstract

A bird strike is a critical problem in the context of safety in the aviation industry. All modern aircraft structures are designed with account of likely collision with birds. Thus, aviation standards in force require that the aircraft construction would allow the crew to conclude the flight safely after collision with a 1.81-kg bird. A method for analysing the stress-strained state of laminated airplane glazing at different operational factors is presented. The method includes a technique for strength analysis of the laminated airplane glazing at bird impact, and a technique for analysis of excess pressure. The model of laminated glazing is based on the refined first-order theory accounting for transverse shear strains, thickness reduction and normal element rotation inertia in each layer. The mathematical model of the pressure impulse authentically reproducing the bird impact is based on experimental research. Theoretical results are in good agreement with experimental data, thus allowing to recommend the method to develop new airplane glazing elements.

Vulnerability and Structural Capacity Assessment of Historic Glass Facades under Bird-Strike

“…Impact Point. Bird collisions on glass panels for aeronautic applications (like for example aircraft cockpit windows) are generally assessed in terms of stress and strain evolution in the target region, including pressurization effects [30]. Maximum effects on structural components are achieved in a rather short time interval, typically in the order of few milliseconds, and during this interval the target system is required to accommodate the input energy.…”

“…At the same time, however, careful attention must be paid for description and characterization of model components, as well as impactor features [2,3,29]. Actually, maximum effects can be predicted based on efficient analytical models [30], or numerical approaches according to (unpractical) Lagrangian description of birds [31], or to the meshless Smooth Particle Hydrodynamic (SPH) approach [32][33][34] or even to the mesh-dependent, fixed boundary Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) approach [35,36]. A promisingly efficient alternative approach to the classical CEL method is represented by the movable Eulerian domain option available in ABAQUS/Explicit [37], in which the Eulerian volume is not fixed in space but can move and allow a strong reduction in the mesh refinement.…”

Simplified Procedure for Capacity Check of Historic Monolithic Glass Windows under Soft-Body Collision/Bird-Strike

“…Over the years, various research studies have been dedicated to this problem. Experiments can be found, for example, in References [3,4], while a multitude of numerical simulations have been presented in the years to extend/support complex experimental protocols (see References [5][6][7][8][9][10] and others). A common aspect of several aircraft-related studies was the evidence of severe vulnerability for mechanical aircraft components, but also for glass elements.…”