Simulation and analysis of lead-free perovskite solar cells incorporating cerium oxide as electron transporting layer

Al-Mousoi, Ali K.; Mohammed, Mustafa K. A.; Pandey, Rahul; Madan, Jaya; Dastan, Davoud; Ravi, G.; Sakthivel, P.; Babu, G Anandha

doi:10.1039/d2ra05957f

Cited by 81 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The SCAPS-1D program uses numerical methods to resolve important one-dimensional semiconductor equations. 44–47 The Poisson's equation (eqn (1)) 48 relates the charges to the electrostatic potential as shown in eqn (1).Here, ψ represents the electric potential, ε r represents the relative permittivity, ε 0 represents the permittivity of free space, N D and N A represent the densities of ionized donors and acceptors, respectively, n and p represent the electron and hole densities, respectively, ρ p and ρ n represent the hole and electron distributions, respectively, and q represents the electronic charge. Due to the simultaneous analysis of recombination, generation, drift, and diffusion, the continuity equation is known to be the governing equation.…”

Section: Numerical Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical simulation and optimization of a CsPbI₃-based perovskite solar cell to enhance the power conversion efficiency

et al. 2023

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Section: Numerical Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SCAPS-1D program uses numerical methods to resolve important onedimensional semiconductor equations. [44][45][46][47] The Poisson's equation (eqn (1)) 48 relates the charges to the electrostatic potential as shown in eqn (1).…”

Section: Scaps-1d Numerical Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation and optimization of a CsPbI₃-based perovskite solar cell to enhance the power conversion efficiency

et al. 2023

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“…First, the Pb-based PSCs (e.g., FAPbI 3 , MAPbI 3 ) are toxic in nature, which has an adverse impact on human, animal, and plant survival. − Second, the Pb-based PSCs are unstable owing to environmental influence (moisture and oxygen), thermal stress, mechanical fragility, and so forth. These limitations of Pb-based high-efficiency PSCs have prompted the research community working in PV technology to look for novel PSCs which are stable, non-toxic, and environmentally friendly. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halide Composition Engineered a Non-Toxic Perovskite–Silicon Tandem Solar Cell with 30.7% Conversion Efficiency

Pandey

Bhattarai

Sharma

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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Since the conversion efficiency of silicon (Si)-based solar cells stagnates at 26.7% in the literature, extensive research and development activities are carried out on perovskite silicon-based tandem solar cells. However, the presence of lead (Pb) and the instability of perovskite prevent their large-scale implementation in the photovoltaic industry. Therefore, it is important to replace the hazardous material (Pb) in perovskite top cells to design non-toxic perovskite–silicon tandem solar cells. The current work yields much-needed studies to develop a non-toxic perovskite–silicon-based tandem solar cell. For the first time, methylammonium tin mixed halide (MASnI3–x Br x )-based materials are comprehensively investigated and optimized with respect to different halide compositions, absorber layer thickness, and bulk defect density in standalone configurations, followed by the development of a lead-free MASnI2Br1–Si-based tandem solar cell. The transfer matrix method and current matching techniques are used to design the two-terminal monolithic tandem cell, which showed a maximum conversion efficiency of 30.7% with an open circuit voltage (V OC) of 2.14 V. The results outlined in this manuscript will pave the way for the progress of highly efficient, non-toxic perovskite–silicon tandem solar cells.

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“…Various types of semiconductor materials such as perovskites, CIGS, amorphous silicon (a-Si:H), and polycrystalline cadmium telluride (CdTe) are used as absorbers for high-efficiency tandem devices. − The configuration of TSCs is further divided mainly into two different categories, two-terminal monolithic and four-terminal mechanically stacked. In a mechanically stacked configuration, the cells are fabricated separately with individual collecting electrodes and are further connected electrically with the help of an external circuit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perovskite-CIGS Monolithic Tandem Solar Cells with 29.7% Efficiency: A Numerical Study

et al. 2023

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Tandem solar cells have higher efficiency than single-junction devices owing to their wide photon absorption range. A wide band gap (Eg) absorber absorbs the higher-energy photons in the top cell. In contrast, a comparatively low band gap absorber material is utilized in the bottom cell to absorb the filtered low-energy photons. Consequently, thermalization and transparent energy losses are overshadowed by the top subcell (Topsc) and the bottom subcell (Bottomsc), respectively. However, to achieve the best efficiency from a tandem design, the choice of active material in the Topsc and the Bottomsc plays an important role. Therefore, in this proposed study, a tandem solar cell comprising a perovskite (Eg 1.68 eV)-based top cell and a copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS, Eg 1.1 eV)-based Bottomsc has been designed and analyzed. A state-of-the-art Me-4PACz ([4-(3,6-dimethyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)butyl] phosphonic acid) hole transport layer (HTL) in the perovskite solar cell reported in the previous literature has been considered for the top cell, whereas a calibrated CIGS-based Bottomsc with 16.50% efficiency is designed. Both the Topsc and the Bottomsc are examined for the tandem configuration using filtered spectra and current-matching techniques. In perovskite/CIGS tandem design, an ideal tunnel recombination junction uses Me-4PACz and ITO layers. In a tandem configuration with matched current density at an absorber thickness of 347 nm for Topsc and 2.0 μm for Bottomsc, the device delivered an open-circuit voltage (V OC), current density (J SC), and fill factor (FF) of 1.92 V, 20.04 mA/cm2, and 77%, respectively, resulting in an overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 29.7%. The results reported in this work would be beneficial for the development of perovskite-CIGS-based monolithic tandem solar cells in the future.

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Simulation and analysis of lead-free perovskite solar cells incorporating cerium oxide as electron transporting layer

Abstract: In this digital simulation, tin-based with the use of CeOx as an ETL with varying percentages of oxygen has been investigated.

Cited by 81 publications

References 49 publications

Numerical simulation and optimization of a CsPbI₃-based perovskite solar cell to enhance the power conversion efficiency

Numerical simulation and optimization of a CsPbI₃-based perovskite solar cell to enhance the power conversion efficiency

Halide Composition Engineered a Non-Toxic Perovskite–Silicon Tandem Solar Cell with 30.7% Conversion Efficiency

Perovskite-CIGS Monolithic Tandem Solar Cells with 29.7% Efficiency: A Numerical Study

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Simulation and analysis of lead-free perovskite solar cells incorporating cerium oxide as electron transporting layer

Abstract: In this digital simulation, tin-based with the use of CeOx as an ETL with varying percentages of oxygen has been investigated.

Cited by 81 publications

References 49 publications

Numerical simulation and optimization of a CsPbI3-based perovskite solar cell to enhance the power conversion efficiency

Numerical simulation and optimization of a CsPbI3-based perovskite solar cell to enhance the power conversion efficiency

Halide Composition Engineered a Non-Toxic Perovskite–Silicon Tandem Solar Cell with 30.7% Conversion Efficiency

Perovskite-CIGS Monolithic Tandem Solar Cells with 29.7% Efficiency: A Numerical Study

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Numerical simulation and optimization of a CsPbI₃-based perovskite solar cell to enhance the power conversion efficiency

Numerical simulation and optimization of a CsPbI₃-based perovskite solar cell to enhance the power conversion efficiency