Simulation and experimental study of FBG-based magnetic field sensors with Terfenol-D composites in different geometric shapes

López, Juan Camilo; Dante, Alex; Carvalho, Cesar Cosenza; Allil, Regina C.; Werneck, Marcelo Martins

doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2020.108893

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, an optical fiber is in itself not sensitive to an electromagnetic field, and thus developing an optical fiber-based magnetic field sensor will largely depend on the sensing characteristics of added magnetic induction materials. Magnetic induction materials can be classified into three categories according to their working principles: magnetic fluid [8][9][10][11][12], magnetostrictive materials [2,3,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], and magneto-rotational materials [21][22][23][24]. A magnetic fluid can flexibly be integrated into many types of fiber sensing structures, such as fiber Fabry-Perot interferometers [25,26], fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometers [27], fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) [12], and fiber tapering structures [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2000, a standard FBG was bonded onto a Terfenol-D alloy surface, achieving a sensitivity of about 8.6 pm/mT for an effective sensing length of 25 mm [33]. FBGs embedded in a magnetostrictive polymer composite have the advantage of flexible sensor shape but at the expense of weak thermostability and low sensitivity [20]. In 2022, a new FBG encapsulation structure was designed to enhance sensor sensitivity based on a magnetostrictive polymer composite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the total encapsulation size increased accordingly, and the fabrication process is relatively complex [30]. For more conventional temperature compensation approaches, an extra temperature sensor head is required, which greatly increases the size of the sensor [14,20,33]. In contrast, the sensor proposed in this work can realize relatively high sensitivity with a short effective sensing, while it also eliminates temperature crosstalk through the photo-thermal effect of HAF instead of a separate temperature sensor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical Fiber Sensor with Stable Operating Point for AC Magnetic Field Measurement

Chen

Lin

et al. 2022

Applied Sciences

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A novel alternating current (AC) magnetic field sensor that has a stable operating point and is insensitive to ambient temperature fluctuations is presented. The sensor is based on a high attenuation fiber Bragg grating (HAFBG) attached to a magnetostrictive rod. A stable operating point is achieved by regulating a heating laser based on a feedback algorithm that compensates the temperature fluctuations of the surrounding environment. Experimental results show that the sensor responds well to dynamic magnetic fields and is able to ensure a stable operating point in the range of at least 15 °C in an ambient temperature disturbance test. The ease of fabrication and excellent performance suggest that the proposed fiber sensor is suitable for practical AC magnetic field sensing applications, such as health monitoring of transformers and fault diagnosis of induction motors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical Fiber Sensor with Stable Operating Point for AC Magnetic Field Measurement

Chen

Lin

et al. 2022

Applied Sciences

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“…Considering the valuable advantages of FBGs, they have been extensively used in experimental and numerical analysis of temperature, humidity and most importantly strain inside composite materials (Karalekas et al., 2008; Ramezani Dana et al., 2014). Recently, application of FBG sensors has been extended for magnetostrictive composite materials where the relation between the shape of composite and sensitivity of FBG sensor has been studied numerically and experimentally (Lopez et al., 2021). The small diameter of FBG sensors provide the opportunity to embed them carefully at various locations along the reinforcing fibers of a lamina without causing significant deterioration in mechanical properties, and also between different layers of the laminate and get an insight on local strain profile through the thickness of fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage growth and failure detection in hybrid fiber composites using experimental in-situ optical strain measurements and smoothing element analysis

Tabrizi

Kefal

Zanjani

et al. 2021

International Journal of Damage Mechanics

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In previous study the failure initiation and development in hybrid fiber laminates was successfully monitored and determined. In current investigation a novel damage monitoring approach is proposed for hybrid laminates by combining different optical strain measurement techniques namely digital image correlation (DIC), fiber Bragg grating sensors (FBG) and infrared thermography (IRT) with smoothing element analysis (SEA). This viable experimental procedure eliminates the effects of global/local nature of optical strain measurement systems on heterogeneous damage accumulation and is a two-step approach. First, all optical sensing systems together with conventional strain gauges are utilized concurrently to indicate the differences in the measured strains and monitor damage accumulation under tensile loading. This demonstrates how failure events disturb the measurement capabilities of optical systems, which can cause a miscalculation of hybrid effect in hybrid-fiber laminates. The second step involves the utilization of SEA algorithm for discretely measured DIC displacements to predict a realistic continuous displacement/strain map and rigorously mitigate the inherent noise of the full field optical system. Remarkably, for large deformation states in hybrid composites, the combination of SEA/DIC enables early prediction of susceptible damage zones at stress levels 30% below material strength.

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“…Magnetic field measurement is of great significance in various fields, such as biomedical, aerospace, military war, the construction of electrical equipment, and so on [1][2][3]. The traditional electromagnetic sensor is easy to be damaged or disturbed by the magnetic field [4]. In contrast, optical fiber magnetic field sensors, with the advantages of antielectromagnetic interference, small size, high stability, corrosion resistance, and remote measurement, are widely studied in the field of magnetic field sensing [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All Fiber Mach–Zehnder Interferometer Based on Intracavity Micro-Waveguide for a Magnetic Field Sensor

2021

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A magnetic fluid (MF)-based magnetic field sensor with a filling-splicing fiber structure is proposed. The sensor realizes Mach–Zehnder interference by an optical fiber cascade structure consisting of single mode fiber (SMF), multimode fiber (MMF), and single-hole-dual-core fiber (SHDCF). The core in the cladding and the core in the air hole of SHDCF are used as the reference and sensing light path, respectively, and the air hole of SHDCF is filled with magnetic fluid to realize magnetic field measurement based on magnetic controlled refractive index (RI) characteristics. The theoretical feasibility of the proposed sensing structure is verified by Rsoft simulation, the optimized length of SHDCF is determined by optical fiber light transmission experiment, and the SHDCFs are well fused without collapse through the special parameter setting. The results show that the sensitivity of the sensor is −116.1 pm/Gs under a magnetic field of 0~200 Gs with a good long-term operation stability. The proposed sensor has the advantages of high stability, fast response, simple structure, and low cost, which has development potential in the field of miniaturized magnetic field sensing.

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Simulation and experimental study of FBG-based magnetic field sensors with Terfenol-D composites in different geometric shapes

Cited by 24 publications

References 23 publications

Optical Fiber Sensor with Stable Operating Point for AC Magnetic Field Measurement

Optical Fiber Sensor with Stable Operating Point for AC Magnetic Field Measurement

Damage growth and failure detection in hybrid fiber composites using experimental in-situ optical strain measurements and smoothing element analysis

All Fiber Mach–Zehnder Interferometer Based on Intracavity Micro-Waveguide for a Magnetic Field Sensor

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