Simulation-Based Education Implementation in Pharmacy Curriculum: A Review of the Current Status

Abstract

Simulation-based education (SBE) is a fundamental teaching method that complements traditional teaching modalities. SBE has improved students’ knowledge, understanding, and numerous essential skills within undergraduate pharmacy education, similar to traditional teaching methods. However, SBE has become crucial for developing students’ teamwork, decision-making, and communication skills. Even though the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) has acknowledged the benefit of SBE in interprofessional education (IPE) and the introductory pharmacy practice experience (IPPE). This article provides evidence that SBE can be effective beyond that. This narrative review is focused on the literature related to SBE modalities and the assessment methods of student learning outcomes in the undergraduate pharmacy curriculum. The review illustrates that SBE is an effective teaching method that could be utilized within the pharmacy curriculum. The review also could help pharmacy educators decide on the best modality and placement of integrating patient simulation within the pharmacy curriculum. Combining multiple simulation techniques may be the best way to achieve the desired student learning outcomes.

Development and Assessment of Innovative High-Fidelity Simulation Vaccination Course Integrating Emergency Cases for Pharmacy Undergraduates—A Randomized Controlled Study

“…Using simulation in the training of clinical skills can lead to improved knowledge, performance, and satisfaction among students and health-care professionals [ 33 , 34 ]. Further, high-fidelity simulation (HFS) is the most cutting-edge simulation technique currently available, whereby a mannequin is operated on via the use of a software that is utilized in order to simulate changes in physiological parameters [ 35 ] ( Figure 2 ).…”

Virtual reality environment in pharmacy education: A cyclical study on instructional design principles

“…More significantly, the SDI component of the VRPE, and the integration of the scenarios into the virtual environment without need for extensive technical knowledge are considered by the authors to be among the most important and original aspects of the current research. Since a common limitation in the application of virtual reality in education relates to technical knowledge and knowhow, technical support is normally considered a standard requirement for those developing virtual environments for education purposes (Brown & Green, 2016; Korayem et al, 2022; Mantovani et al, 2003; Pantelidis, 2010). The establishment and construction of a virtual reality environment involves the development and integration of 3D models and game engine programming.…”

“…T A B L E 7 Instructional design principles/elements for virtual reality in current research. (Brown & Green, 2016;Korayem et al, 2022;Mantovani et al, 2003;Pantelidis, 2010). The establishment and construction of a virtual reality environment involves the development and integration of 3D models and game engine programming.…”

Review of Simulation Medical Technologies Impact on Modern Education

“…Depending on the difficulty of the work to be taught and the amount of financial help available, it is necessary to decide on the model's faithfulness [1], [2], [3]. Similar to traditional teaching techniques, simulation-based education has increased students' knowledge, understanding, and a variety of crucial abilities during undergraduate pharmacy study [31].…”