Simulation in laryngology training; what should we invest in? Our experience with 64 porcine larynges and a literature review

Phonomicrosurgery simulation: A low‐cost teaching model using easily accessible materials

“…Comparatively, phonomicrosurgery simulators are lacking, with only four published articles identified at the time of the Javia publication . A more recent study by Awad et al identified 10 publications on phonomicrosurgery simulation; however, only two presented associated data …”

“…Within laryngology, there have been several attempts to bridge the gap between the textbook and the operating room, including use of cadaveric larynges or synthetic models. A recent review by Awad et al found 10 published studies describing simulation models for microscopic laryngeal procedures . Only two of these studies provided data about the validity of the model, whereas seven studies provided descriptions of the model without associated data .…”

A systematic review of simulated laryngotracheal reconstruction animal models

“…A variety of different simulation techniques has been adopted, including the use of cadaveric dissection, high‐fidelity animal models, virtual‐reality simulators, and synthetic models, with all simulation methods demonstrating significant improvement in the surgical learning curve . The use of animal models in ear, nose, and throat simulation is widely established in rhinology, facial plastics, and laryngology, due to their low cost and high fidelity, as demonstrated in face and content validity studies . These techniques adopted in other subspecialties could be applied to advanced airway surgery to generate a suitable model for LTR.…”

“…[5][6][7][8] The use of animal models in ear, nose, and throat simulation is widely established in rhinology, facial plastics, and laryngology, due to their low cost and high fidelity, as demonstrated in face and content validity studies. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] These techniques adopted in other subspecialties could be applied to advanced airway surgery to generate a suitable model for LTR. Therefore, the aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature to identify the suitability of different commercially available animal models used to simulate laryngotracheal reconstruction.…”

Development and evaluation of a rigid esophagoscopy simulator for residency training

“…Simulator-based training is becoming more prevalent in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery, but no existing simulator includes an anatomically correct esophagus to train residents in RE. [4][5][6] This study Editor's Note: This Manuscript was accepted for publication May 21, 2015.…”