Simulation of a 4-Cylinder Turbocharged Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Using a Direct Temporal Coupling Between a 1D Simulation Software and a 3D Combustion Code

Bohbot, J.; Chryssakis, Christos; Miche, Marjorie

doi:10.4271/2006-01-3263

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The permanence of substoichiometric regions at the time of ignition leads to local stratification, which is addressed to as one of the most important triggers for soot formation [17], [20]. Besides soot emissions, Bohbot et al [131] associated the inaccurate prediction of UHC and NO emissions from a 4cylinder turbocharged GDI engine to the assumption of homogenous mixture used in the three-dimensional (3D) calculations. In order to reap the benefits in fuel economy offered by stratified charge combustion, insights about the process in GDI engines need to be obtained through simultaneous applications of advanced numerical, experimental and optical tools.…”

Section: Spray Mixture Formation and Combustion Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the study, combustion chamber bowl offset of 0.5 to 1.0 cm was recommended to achieve the best balance between NO and UHC emissions. The work of Bohbot et al [131] presented a direct temporal coupling of one-dimensional engine simulation tool and 3D combustion code and demonstrated its applicability for a 4-cylinder turbocharged GDI engine. Turbulent combustion modeling relied on the 3-zone ECFM with the assumption of homogeneous mixture formation.…”

Section: Spray Mixture Formation and Combustion Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developments in computational fluid dynamics modelling of gasoline direct injection engine combustion and soot emission with chemical kinetic modelling

Tan¹,

Bonatesta²,

Ng³

et al. 2016

Applied Thermal Engineering

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Designed to inject gasoline fuel directly into the combustion chamber, gasoline direct injection (GDI) combustion systems are gaining popularity among the automotive industry. This is because GDI engines offer less pumping and heat losses, enhanced fuel economy and improved transient response. Nonetheless, the technology is often associated with the emission of ultra-fine particulate matter (PM) to the atmosphere. With the increasingly stringent emission regulations, detailed understanding of PM formation within GDI engine configurations is very crucial. To complement the findings based on experimental and optical techniques, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling has been widely utilized to study the in-cylinder physical and chemical events. The success of CFD simulations also requires an accurate representation of gasoline fuel kinetics. Set against the background, the present review reports on the recent developments in chemical kinetic modeling of gasoline fuels and CFD numerical studies for GDI engines emphasizing the combustion and emission stages. Regarding fuel kinetics, the use of primary reference fuel (PRF) and ternary reference fuel (TRF) mechanisms is evaluated. In addition, the current trend portrays a progression towards multi-component surrogate models to account for the complex mixture of practical fuels. It is however observed that many reaction mechanisms proposed in the literature are validated under homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine conditions rather than GDI-related ones. CFD modeling of GDI engines typically covers the simulations of spray, mixture formation and combustion processes. Progress in combustion modeling for both homogeneous and stratified charge modes is discussed thoroughly. Still in its infancy, soot modeling studies for GDI engines are reviewed in which several soot models adapted are appraised. The majority of soot models have been previously applied in diesel combustion systems and flame configurations. Significant efforts are currently carried out to improve the model predictions of soot emission from GDI engines.

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Section: Spray Mixture Formation and Combustion Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spray Mixture Formation and Combustion Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments in computational fluid dynamics modelling of gasoline direct injection engine combustion and soot emission with chemical kinetic modelling

Tan¹,

Bonatesta²,

Ng³

et al. 2016

Applied Thermal Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Traditionally, turbochargers behaviour has been modelled neglecting heat transfer phenomena [1,2], especially when a whole-engine simulation is carried out [3,4]. However, in the last decade several authors claimed about the importance of considering heat transfer phenomena to generate improved models for turbocharger and engine modelling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

General Procedure for the Determination of Heat Transfer Properties in Small Automotive Turbochargers

Serrano

Olmeda

Arnau

et al. 2014

SAE Int. J. Engines

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These days many research efforts on internal combustion engines are centred on optimising turbocharger matching and performance on the engine. In the last years a number of studies have pointed out the strong effect on turbocharger behaviour of heat transfer phenomena. The main difficulty for taking into account these phenomena comes from the little information provided by turbocharger manufacturers. In this background, Original Engine Manufacturers (OEM) need general engineering tools able to provide reasonably precise results in predicting the mentioned heat transfer phenomena.Therefore, the purpose of this work is to provide a procedure, applicable to small automotive turbochargers, able to predict the heat transfer characteristics that can be used in a lumped 1D turbocharger heat transfer model. This model must be suitable to work coupled to whole-engine simulation codes (such as GT-Power or Ricardo WAVE) for being used in global engine models by the OEM. Moreover, the procedure must be capable to predict heat transfer effects using available data as external geometrical parameters of the turbocharger.To reach these several purposes, a description of the procedure to obtain correlations for heat transfer behaviour to be used in a lumped model is given. The procedure is based on several generalised correlations obtained from the evaluation of heat transfer properties of different turbochargers. The validity of the procedure is confirmed by simulations performed in GT-Power environment compared to experimental results both in a gas stand and in an engine test bench. The results of the validation show an acceptable level of accuracy using the proposed procedure. Furthermore, the advantages of the procedure are shown by comparing its results with the results of standard GT-Power simulations. In these last simulations only turbocharger maps are used without a turbocharger heat transfer model. Further analysis of these results evidences that the simple procedure of using general correlations for heat transfer properties in a lumped model is accurate enough to predict turbine outlet temperature much better than standard GT-Power model. This parameter is crucial for after treatment modelling and design as well as for two stage turbocharging.

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“…19 In 2006 Bohbot et al performed a methodology based on a direct temporal coupling between 1D simulation software and 3D combustion code to improve the engine performance and the prediction of the emissions. 20 Different dimensional modeling have advantages and disadvantages. Ones depends of each other to work correctly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on the high pressure EGR transport and application to the dispersion among cylinders in automotive engines

Galindo

Climent

Garcia

et al. 2020

International Journal of Engine Research

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The objective of this study is to explore the limits of a one-dimensional model to predict the movement and mixing of the air and exhaust gases recirculation (EGR) flows in compact intake manifolds of recent automotive engines. In particular, the high pressure EGR loop configuration is evaluated in this study from the perspective of the EGR dispersion among cylinders. The experimental work includes the use of a fast CO2 tracking system that provides crank-angle resolved results in six locations of the intake manifold together with the acquisition of the time-averaged CO2 concentration in all the intake pipes (eight locations) to evaluate the EGR dispersion empirically. A specific system was developed to inject the EGR in three locations of the intake manifold in a flexible way to modify the dispersion. Up to 29 engine running conditions defined by engine speed, engine torque and EGR rate, spanning the entire engine map, including full load operation, were evaluated. A one-dimensional engine model was built to detect the limits in reproducing the EGR transport in the intake manifold and quantify the accuracy when predicting the dispersion among cylinders. The study concludes that the predicted EGR rate in the cylinders may differ up to 75% from the experimental measurement at low engine averaged EGR rate. The model prediction improves to differences lower than 40% in EGR rate per cylinder if the engine operating points with an EGR rate lower than 10% are excluded. In this situation, 80% of the predicted in-cylinder EGR rates have differences lower than 25% when compared to experiments.

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Simulation of a 4-Cylinder Turbocharged Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Using a Direct Temporal Coupling Between a 1D Simulation Software and a 3D Combustion Code

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

Developments in computational fluid dynamics modelling of gasoline direct injection engine combustion and soot emission with chemical kinetic modelling

Developments in computational fluid dynamics modelling of gasoline direct injection engine combustion and soot emission with chemical kinetic modelling

General Procedure for the Determination of Heat Transfer Properties in Small Automotive Turbochargers

A study on the high pressure EGR transport and application to the dispersion among cylinders in automotive engines

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