Simulation of an Air‐to‐Water Heat Pump System to Evaluate the Impact of Demand‐Side‐Management Measures on Efficiency and Load‐Shifting Potential

Miara, Marek; Günther, Danny; Leitner, Z.; Wapler, Jeannette

doi:10.1002/ente.201300087

Cited by 34 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A heat pump with seven borehole heat exchanger, each one with 125 meters of depth, heated water to 40°C. Both the research in Portugal and that conducted by the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE [13] show that heating systems with ground sources heat pumps achieve similar results.…”

Section: Heating System Operation -Results Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 69%

The influence of heat sink temperature on the seasonal efficiency of shallow geothermal heat pumps

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Geothermal heat pumps, also known as ground source heat pumps (GSHP), are the most efficient heating and cooling technology utilized nowadays. In the AGH-UST Educational and Research Laboratory of Renewable Energy Sources and Energy Saving in Miękinia, shallow geothermal heat is utilized for heating. In the article, the seasonal efficiency of two geothermal heat pump systems are described during the 2014/2015 heating season, defined as the period between 1st October 2014 and 30th April 2015. The first system has 10.9 kW heating capacity (according to European Standard EN 14511 B0W35) and extracts heat from three vertical geothermal loops at a depth of 80m each. During the heating season, tests warmed up the buffer to 40°C. The second system has a 17.03 kW heating capacity and extracts heat from three vertical geothermal loops at a depth of 100 m each, and the temperature of the buffer was 50°C. During the entire heating season, the water temperatures of the buffers was constant. Seasonal performance factors were calculated, defined as the quotient of heat delivered by a heat pump to the system and the sum of electricity consumed by the compressor, source pump, sink pump and controller of heat pumps. The measurements and calculations give the following results: -The first system was supplied with 13 857 kWh/a of heat and consumed 3 388 kWh/a electricity. The SPF was 4.09 and the average temperature of outlet water from heat pump was 40.8°C, and the average temperature of brine flows into the evaporator was 3.7 °C; -The second system was supplied with 12 545 kWh/a of heat and consumed 3 874 kWh/a electricity. The SPF was 3.24 and the average temperature of outlet water from heat pump was 51.6°C, and the average temperature of brine flows into the evaporator was 5.3°C. To summarize, the data shown above presents the real SPF of the two systems. It will be significant in helping to predict the SPF of objects which will be equipped with ground source heat pumps.

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Section: Heating System Operation -Results Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 69%

The influence of heat sink temperature on the seasonal efficiency of shallow geothermal heat pumps

et al. 2017

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“…In this paper, the proposed control strategy has demonstrated that efficient load shifting is possible when applying a time-varying price structure. If this price profile is designed in a smart manner, the periods of cheaper energy price could coincide with periods of high production of RES, for instance [39]. In this way, the goal of cost savings would go along with an improvement in RES consumption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Demand-Side Management on Thermal Comfort and Energy Costs in a Residential nZEB

2017

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Abstract:In this study, simulation work has been carried out to investigate the impact of a demand-side management control strategy in a residential nZEB. A refurbished apartment within a multi-family dwelling representative of Mediterranean building habits was chosen as a study case and modelled within a simulation framework. A flexibility strategy based on set-point modulation depending on the energy price was applied to the building. The impact of the control strategy on thermal comfort was studied in detail with several methods retrieved from the standards or other literature, differentiating the effects on day and night living zones. It revealed a slight decrease of comfort when implementing flexibility, although this was not prejudicial. In addition, the applied strategy caused a simultaneous increase of the electricity used for heating by up to 7% and a reduction of the corresponding energy costs by up to around 20%. The proposed control thereby constitutes a promising solution for shifting heating loads towards periods of lower prices and is able to provide benefits for both the user and the grid sides. Beyond that, the activation of energy flexibility in buildings (nZEB in the present case) will participate in a more successful integration of renewable energy sources (RES) in the energy mix.

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“…Variable COPs used in Equation (3) are also applied in this energy cost calculation, and a similar equation is obtained for electricity consumptions by heat pumps as shown in Equation (7). Such a calculation method has also been used in other studies [28,29].…”

Section: Energy Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Multi-Objective Sizing Method for Borehole Heat Exchangers during the Early Design Phase

Park

Kim

Jang³

et al. 2017

Sustainability

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Ground-source heat pump (GSHP) systems coupled with borehole heat exchangers (BHEs) are widely used as a renewable energy source. However, the high initial costs to install the BHEs still acts as an obstacle in the expansion of these renewable energy source systems. Specifically, in South Korea, a typical residential type corresponds to an apartment building with a high building-to-land ratio for land efficiency, and thus the space to install the BHEs is usually insufficient. Furthermore, the high initial cost issue of BHEs makes it difficult to ensure the feasibility of GSHP projects in this type of a situation. This study proposes a novel BHE sizing method to support the process of sizing energy sources in the design development phase of a construction project. Life cycle cost (LCC) analysis was combined with a tool to optimize BHE sizing by considering various economic aspects. Entering water temperatures (EWT) to heat pumps in conjunction with the LCC were used to define objective functions. Consequently, Pareto optimal solutions were obtained on the EWT-LCC plot. A group of Pareto optimal solutions forms a Pareto-curve, and each point on the curve indicates a possible sizing scenario or alternative. Finally, it is possible for decision makers to compare the solutions that include both technical and economic information. The Pareto optimal solutions are expected to support proper decision making in the early design phase.

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Simulation of an Air‐to‐Water Heat Pump System to Evaluate the Impact of Demand‐Side‐Management Measures on Efficiency and Load‐Shifting Potential

Cited by 34 publications

References 9 publications

The influence of heat sink temperature on the seasonal efficiency of shallow geothermal heat pumps

The influence of heat sink temperature on the seasonal efficiency of shallow geothermal heat pumps

Impact of Demand-Side Management on Thermal Comfort and Energy Costs in a Residential nZEB

Development of a Multi-Objective Sizing Method for Borehole Heat Exchangers during the Early Design Phase

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