Simulation of between-farm transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Ontario, Canada using the North American Animal Disease Spread Model

Thakur, Krishna K.; Revie, Crawford W.; Hurnik, Daniel; Poljak, Zvonimir; Sánchez, Javier

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.01.006

Cited by 23 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The virus may reach a farm in several ways, but entering infected animals, particularly gilts and sows, is considered the most common route for virus introduction [99–102]. For example, Mortensen et al [101] associated the spread of type 2 PRRSV in Denmark to the purchase of infected animals without performing quarantine measures.…”

Section: Prrsv Transmission Between Farmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Mortensen et al [101] associated the spread of type 2 PRRSV in Denmark to the purchase of infected animals without performing quarantine measures. Similarly, in a molecular study in Canada, Thakur et al [102] found that the predominant relationship between strains within a cluster were the introduction of infected pigs into farms. Also in Canada, Kwong et al [103] and Rosendal et al [104] identified the source of gilts as one of the main causes for explaining the spread of different strains in the country.…”

Section: Prrsv Transmission Between Farmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review on the transmission porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus between pigs and farms and impact on vaccination

Pileri

Mateu

2016

Vet Res

169

141

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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is considered to be one of the most costly diseases affecting intensive pig production worldwide. Control of PRRS is a complex issue and involves a combination of measures including monitoring, diagnosis, biosecurity, herd management, and immunization. In spite of the numerous studies dealing with PRRS virus epidemiology, transmission of the infection is still not fully understood. The present article reviews the current knowledge on PRRSV transmission between and within farm, and the impact of vaccination on virus transmission.

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Section: Prrsv Transmission Between Farmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prrsv Transmission Between Farmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on the transmission porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus between pigs and farms and impact on vaccination

Pileri

Mateu

2016

Vet Res

169

141

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The importance of the transmission probability was also confirmed in the sensitivity analysis. Values used were based on studies by others (Neumann et al, ; Thakur et al, ), but may need to be adjusted for Vietnam as more evidence becomes available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few simulation studies on the spread of PRRS virus have been conducted in New Zealand and Canada using similar software (Neumann et al, ; Thakur et al, ). The mean direct contact rates used in New Zealand (0.064–0.21/week) and Canada (0.01–0.51/week) were slightly higher than our study (0.072–0.073/week).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation of control scenarios of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in Nghe An Province in Vietnam

Lee

Thakur

Bui

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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The main objective of this study was to develop various models using North American Animal Disease Spread Model (NAADSM) to simulate the transmission of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus between farms in Nghe An Province in Vietnam in order to inform the prevention and control of this important disease. Using real data from the household survey, credible parameters for direct/indirect mean contact rates between different farms were estimated. A total of eleven models were developed, including immunization scenarios. In addition, we conducted sensitive analysis on how the mean contact rates influenced the results. The immunization scenarios showed that a high proportion of pigs in medium size farms needs to be vaccinated in order to reduce the transmission to pigs in small farms under the Vietnamese pig production system. In order to promote the use of vaccinations, incentives (such as a vaccine subsidy) for medium size farms may be needed. It could be the most cost‐effective control and prevention strategy for pig diseases in Vietnam. Our study provides insights on how pig diseases can be spread between pig farms via direct and indirect contact in Nghe An under the various hypothetical scenarios. Our results suggest that medium/large farms may play an important role in the transmission of pig diseases.

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Modelling the economic efficiency of using different strategies to control Porcine Reproductive & Respiratory Syndrome at herd level

Nathues

Alarcón

Rushton

et al. 2018

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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PRRS is among the diseases with the highest economic impact in pig production worldwide. Different strategies have been developed and applied to combat PRRS at farm level. The broad variety of available intervention strategies makes it difficult to decide on the most cost-efficient strategy for a given farm situation, as it depends on many farm-individual factors like disease severity, prices or farm structure. Aim of this study was to create a simulation tool to estimate the cost-efficiency of different control strategies at individual farm level. Baseline is a model that estimates the costs of PRRS, based on changes in health and productivity, in a specific farm setting (e.g. farm type, herd size, type of batch farrowing). The model evaluates different intervention scenarios: depopulation/repopulation (D/R), close & roll-over (C&R), mass vaccination of sows (MS), mass vaccination of sows and vaccination of piglets (MS + piglets), improvements in internal biosecurity (BSM), and combinations of vaccinations with BSM. Data on improvement in health and productivity parameters for each intervention were obtained through literature review and from expert opinions. The economic efficiency of the different strategies was assessed over 5 years through investment appraisals: the resulting expected value (EV) indicated the most cost-effective strategy. Calculations were performed for 5 example scenarios with varying farm type (farrow-to-finish - breeding herd), disease severity (slightly - moderately - severely affected) and PRRSV detection (yes - no). The assumed herd size was 1000 sows with farm and price structure as commonly found in Germany. In a moderately affected (moderate deviations in health and productivity parameters from what could be expected in an average negative herd), unstable farrow-to-finish herd, the most cost-efficient strategies according to their median EV were C&R (€1'126'807) and MS + piglets (€ 1'114'649). In a slightly affected farrow-to-finish herd, no virus detected, the highest median EV was for MS + piglets (€ 721'745) and MS (€ 664'111). Results indicate that the expected benefits of interventions and the most efficient strategy depend on the individual farm situation, e.g. disease severity. The model provides new insights regarding the cost-efficiency of various PRRSV intervention strategies at farm level. It is a valuable tool for farmers and veterinarians to estimate expected economic consequences of an intervention for a specific farm setting and thus enables a better informed decision.

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Simulation of between-farm transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Ontario, Canada using the North American Animal Disease Spread Model

Cited by 23 publications

References 33 publications

Review on the transmission porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus between pigs and farms and impact on vaccination

Review on the transmission porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus between pigs and farms and impact on vaccination

Simulation of control scenarios of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in Nghe An Province in Vietnam

Modelling the economic efficiency of using different strategies to control Porcine Reproductive & Respiratory Syndrome at herd level

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