“…The turbulent effect on the collisions, which is an important issue under turbulent flow conditions, is also not discussed in this method. As a more reasonable modeling, fictitious collision partners are used by Oesterle and Petitjean, 15 Berlemont et al, 14 Sommerfeld, 16 and so on. Among them, Sommerfeld's model has been widely used, 18 in which when a collision occurs, a fictitious second particle is generated according to the local probability density functions of particle diameters and velocities.…”