Simulation of phase evolution in a Zr-based glass forming alloy during multiple laser remelting

Lindwall, Johan; Ericsson, Anders; Marattukalam, Jithin James; Hassila, Carl-Johan; Karlsson, Dennis; Sahlberg, Martin; Fisk, Martin; Lundbäck, Andreas

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.12.056

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Simulation of the phase evolution during the PBF-LB process is performed with a classical nucleation and growth theory model coupled to a thermal finite element model based on Lindwall et al [20]. The crystalline phase evolution is computed in a staggered approach directly in the FE software after each converged thermal increment.…”

Section: Modelling Of Phase Evolution In Pbf-lbmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The parameter Q is the laser power, varied between 75 and 105 W during the simulations and η is the laser power absorption, chosen at 0.35. The depth and width of the heat source are determined by c = 35 µm and d = 70 µm, based on observations by SEM-imaging in a cross-section of a single laser scan in Lindwall et al [20]. The variables y and z are the local coordinates of the transverse and downwards direction, respectively, with origin in the centre of the heat source.…”

Section: Thermal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The thermal conductivity of the amorphous material was measured in [20] using the transient plane source (HotDisk) method at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 300 • C. At higher temperatures, the thermal conductivity is approximated by k = ρc p α, where ρ is the material density, c p the specific heat capacity based on Lindwall et al [17] and Heinrich et al [24], and α are the measured thermal diffusivity at 300 • C, which is assumed to be constant at higher temperatures [25].…”

Section: Thermal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure2. Thermal material data used in the simulations based on Lindwall et al[17], Heinrich et al[24] and Lindwall et al[20].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Virtual Development of Process Parameters for Bulk Metallic Glass Formation in Laser-Based Powder Bed Fusion

et al. 2022

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The development of process parameters and scanning strategies for bulk metallic glass formation during additive manufacturing is time-consuming and costly. It typically involves trials with varying settings and destructive testing to evaluate the final phase structure of the experimental samples. In this study, we present an alternative method by modelling to predict the influence of the process parameters on the crystalline phase evolution during laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB). The methodology is demonstrated by performing simulations, varying the following parameters: laser power, hatch spacing and hatch length. The results are compared in terms of crystalline volume fraction, crystal number density and mean crystal radius after scanning five consecutive layers. The result from the simulation shows an identical trend for the predicted crystalline phase fraction compared to the experimental estimates. It is shown that a low laser power, large hatch spacing and long hatch lengths are beneficial for glass formation during PBF-LB. The absolute values show an offset though, over-predicted by the numerical model. The method can indicate favourable parameter settings and be a complementary tool in the development of scanning strategies and processing parameters for additive manufacturing of bulk metallic glass.

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Section: Modelling Of Phase Evolution In Pbf-lbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure2. Thermal material data used in the simulations based on Lindwall et al[17], Heinrich et al[24] and Lindwall et al[20].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Virtual Development of Process Parameters for Bulk Metallic Glass Formation in Laser-Based Powder Bed Fusion

et al. 2022

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“…As predominantly brittle intermetallic phases crystallize in the HAZ, a significant detrimental impact on the mechanical response, particularly upon deformation at room temperature is observed. [50][51][52][53][54] Some authors exploit (B2 to B19) martensitic to enhance the plastic deformability of bulk metallic glass composites (BMGCs). However, even for those systems, crystallization and consequently reduced ductility remain a challenge for the printing of BMGs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling the Glassy State toward Structural and Mechanical Enhancement: Additive Manufacturing of Bulk Metallic Glass Using Advanced Laser Beam Shaping Technology

Hadibeik,

Ghasemi‐Tabasi,

Burn

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) offer exceptional physical/mechanical properties enabling them to be highly desirable for a varietyof applications. Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) has great promise for producing large and intricate BMG structures. However, using non‐optimal energy distribution in current additive manufacturing machines leads to extensive reheating of previously solidified layers. As a result, the mechanical characteristics can be significantly impacted by structural relaxation and partial crystallization. Here, a tunable advanced laser beam shaping technology is employed to overcome the difficulties originating from non‐optimal energy distribution in current additive manufacturing machines. This study fabricates fully amorphous/dense BMG samples using the shaped laser beam and established optimized atomic‐scale short‐and medium‐range ordering along with improved yield/fracture compressive strength. Formation of a shallow and wide melting pool geometry using the beam shaping allows to increase hatching distances to better control the thermal history introducing improved amorphicity and rejuvenation. This higher rejuvenation and disordering allow for increased atomic mobility, which facilitates the creation and spread of shear bands, thus enhancing the mechanical strength and ductility of the material. The current work demonstrates that BMG parts can be fabricated using flexible beam‐shaping technology allowing to go beyond the capabilities of state‐of‐the‐art additive manufacturing techniques.

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In Situ Mapping of Phase Evolutions in Rapidly Heated Zr‐Based Bulk Metallic Glass with Oxygen Impurities

Tidefelt,

Löfstrand,

Goetz

et al. 2024

Advanced Science

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Metallic glasses exhibit unique mechanical properties. For metallic glass composites (MGC), composed of dispersed nanocrystalline phases in an amorphous matrix, these properties can be enhanced or deteriorated depending on the volume fraction and size distribution of the crystalline phases. Understanding the evolution of crystalline phases during devitrification of bulk metallic glasses upon heating is key to realizing the production of these composites. Here, results are presented from a combination of in situ small‐ and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS) measurements during heating of Zr‐based metallic glass samples at rates ranging from 102 to 104 Ks−1 with a time resolution of 4ms. By combining a detailed analysis of scattering experiments with numerical simulations, for the first time, it is shown how the amount of oxygen impurities in the samples influences the early stages of devitrification and changes the dominant nucleation mechanism from homogeneous to heterogeneous. During melting, the oxygen rich phase becomes the dominant crystalline phase whereas the main phases dissolve. The approach used in this study is well suited for investigation of rapid phase evolution during devitrification, which is important for the development of MGC.

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Simulation of phase evolution in a Zr-based glass forming alloy during multiple laser remelting

Cited by 13 publications

References 33 publications

Virtual Development of Process Parameters for Bulk Metallic Glass Formation in Laser-Based Powder Bed Fusion

Virtual Development of Process Parameters for Bulk Metallic Glass Formation in Laser-Based Powder Bed Fusion

Controlling the Glassy State toward Structural and Mechanical Enhancement: Additive Manufacturing of Bulk Metallic Glass Using Advanced Laser Beam Shaping Technology

In Situ Mapping of Phase Evolutions in Rapidly Heated Zr‐Based Bulk Metallic Glass with Oxygen Impurities

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