Simulation of regional groundwater flow and advective transport of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst and vicinity, New Jersey, 2018

Fiore, Alex R.; Colarullo, Susan J.

doi:10.3133/ofr20221112

Open-File Report

2023

DOI: 10.3133/ofr20221112

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Simulation of regional groundwater flow and advective transport of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst and vicinity, New Jersey, 2018

Alex R. Fiore¹,

Susan J. Colarullo²

Abstract: A three-dimensional numerical model of groundwater flow was developed and calibrated for the unconsolidated New Jersey Coastal Plain aquifers underlying Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst (JBMDL)

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Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 19 publications

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“…(2019),Goode and Senior (2020),Corson-Dosch et al (2022),Fienen et al (2022a), andFiore andColarullo (2023) Newton-Raphson formulationGWFThe Newton-Raphson formulation is available as an alternative to traditional wetting and drying(Langevin et al 2017). Capability is patterned after Painter et al (2008), Niswonger et al (2011), and Panday et al (2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

MODFLOW as a Configurable Multi‐Model Hydrologic Simulator

Langevin,

Hughes,

Provost

et al. 2023

Groundwater

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MODFLOW 6 is the latest in a line of six “core" versions of MODFLOW released by the U.S. Geological Survey. The MODFLOW 6 architecture supports incorporation of additional hydrologic processes, in addition to groundwater flow, and allows interaction between processes. The architecture supports multiple model instances and multiple types of models within a single simulation, a flexible approach to formulating and solving the equations that represent hydrologic processes, and recent advances in interoperability, which allow MODFLOW to be accessed and controlled by external programs. The present version of MODFLOW 6 consolidates popular capabilities available in MODFLOW variants, such as the unstructured grid support in MODFLOW‐USG, the Newton‐Raphson formulation in MODFLOW‐NWT, and the support for partitioned stress boundaries in MODFLOW‐CDSS. The flexible multi‐model capability allows users to configure MODFLOW 6 simulations to represent the local‐grid refinement (LGR) capabilities available in MODFLOW‐LGR, the multi‐species transport capabilities in MT3DMS, and the coupled variable‐density capabilities available in SEAWAT. This paper provides a new, holistic and integrated overview of simulation capabilities made possible by the MODFLOW 6 architecture, and describes how ongoing and future development can take advantage of the program architecture to integrate new capabilities in a way that is minimally invasive and automatically compatible with the existing MODFLOW 6 code.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

MODFLOW as a Configurable Multi‐Model Hydrologic Simulator

Langevin,

Hughes,

Provost

et al. 2023

Groundwater

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Forecasting and Hindcasting PFAS Concentrations in Groundwater Discharging to Streams near a PFAS Production Facility

Jensen,

Genereux,

Solomon

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are known to be highly persistent in groundwater, making it vital to develop new approaches to important practical questions such as the time scale for future persistence of PFAS in contaminated groundwater. In the approach presented here, groundwater from beneath streambeds was analyzed for PFAS and age-dated using SF6 and 3H/3He. The results were coupled with groundwater flux measurements in a convolution approach to estimate past and future PFAS concentrations in groundwater discharge to the streams. At our test site near the Cape Fear River (CFR) of North Carolina, PFAS were detected in groundwater up to 43 years old, suggesting that some PFAS entered groundwater immediately or shortly after fluorochemical production began at the nearby Fayetteville Works. Results are consistent with little to no retardation in groundwater for perfluoroethers such as hexafluoropropylene oxide-dimer acid (HFPO–DA) and perfluoro-2-methoxypropanoic acid (PMPA), the two most abundant PFAS, with mean concentrations of 229 and 498 ng/L, respectively. Future PFAS concentrations in groundwater discharge to streams were estimated to remain above current MCL or health advisory levels through at least 2050 or 2060 (using 3H/3He and SF6, respectively). Recent atmospheric deposition data suggest lower but non-negligible amounts of PFAS may continue to enter groundwater, likely further extending PFAS persistence in groundwater and the adjacent CFR. This approach shows promise for giving an overall perspective on persistence of PFAS in groundwater discharge from a broad contaminated area.

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Septic Return Flow Pathlines, Endpoints, and Flows Based on the Urban Miami‐Dade Groundwater Model

Valencia,

Sukop,

Oldfield

et al. 2024

Groundwater

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Miami‐Dade County (MDC) has over 112,000 septic systems, some of which are at risk of compromise due to water table rise associated with sea level rise. MDC is surrounded by protected water bodies, including Biscayne Bay, with environmentally sensitive ecosystems and is underlain by highly transmissive karstic limestone. The main objective of the study is to provide first estimates of the locations and magnitudes of septic return flows to discharge endpoints. This is accomplished by leveraging MDC's county‐scale surface‐groundwater model using pathline analysis to estimate the transport and discharge fate of septic system flows under the complex time history of groundwater flow response to pumping, canal management, storms, and other environmental factors. The model covers an area of 4772 km2 in Southeast Florida. Outputs from the model were used to create a 30‐year (2010 to 2040) simulation of the spatial–temporal pathlines from septic input locations to their termination points, allowing us to map flow paths and the spatial distribution of the septic flow discharge endpoints under the simulated conditions. Most septic return flows were discharged to surface water, primarily canals 52,830 m3/d and Biscayne Bay (5696 m3/d), and well fields (14,066 m3/d). Results allow us to identify “hotspots” to guide water quality sampling efforts and to provide recommendations for septic‐to‐sewer conversion areas that should provide most benefit by reducing nutrient loading to water bodies.

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Simulation of regional groundwater flow and advective transport of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst and vicinity, New Jersey, 2018

Abstract: A three-dimensional numerical model of groundwater flow was developed and calibrated for the unconsolidated New Jersey Coastal Plain aquifers underlying Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst (JBMDL)

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

MODFLOW as a Configurable Multi‐Model Hydrologic Simulator

MODFLOW as a Configurable Multi‐Model Hydrologic Simulator

Forecasting and Hindcasting PFAS Concentrations in Groundwater Discharging to Streams near a PFAS Production Facility

Septic Return Flow Pathlines, Endpoints, and Flows Based on the Urban Miami‐Dade Groundwater Model

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