Simulation of resistance forces acting on surgical needles

Abstract

High precision in the manual control of needles and biopsy probes in medical treatment requires high skill and dexterity levels. In anaesthesia, force sensation is an important feedback mechanism, and the practitioner needs to refresh or develop skills to improve on the interpretation of needle progress towards the target site. This paper describes an experimental tactile force simulator for uniaxial needle action for which the force resisting progress of the needle is derived from measured data. As an example, the approach taken to develop the simulation of the insertion of epidural needles is described. Adaptation to other procedures would be possible by adopting new reference models based on appropriate measured force data.

A review of epidural simulators: Where are we today?

“…Brett et al created an epidural simulator whereby the haptic forces were based on measured forces of epidural needle insertion from the skin to the epidural space [51]. The needle was fitted with a strain gauge to infer the applied force.…”

Geometrical effects in mechanical characterizing of microneedle for biomedical applications

“…This force falls drastically once the skin is punctured [5,6]. After the skin is pierced, the only force that acts on the microneedle is the frictional force due to tissue clamping the needle.…”

“…After the skin is pierced, the only force that acts on the microneedle is the frictional force due to tissue clamping the needle. This post-puncturing reduces the pressure Post Punctured P to 1.6 MPa [5,6] from the piercing pressure of 3.18 MPa.…”

“…The sputtering parameters are: base pressure 1.2x 10 -6 Torr, Ar [7] pressure 5m Torr, substrate temperature 300 o C and sputtering power 400W. This layer is patterned and etched to form the top three electrodes using (1:3 [50 g NaOH + 100 ml H 2 O]: [30 g K 3 Fe (CN) 6 + 100ml H 2 O]). This particular etchant is used in order to prevent etching of bottom AlN or Al layers.…”

Subject-Specific Biomechanical Simulation of Brain Indentation Using a Meshless Method

“…For this purpose, we perform simple indentation experiments on a swine brain and compare the results to those obtained with our method. While indentation is only a simple procedure, calculation of reaction forces on surgical instruments is an important field of study [10,11,12,13]. This is also a necessary validation to make before simulating more complicated procedures.…”