Simulation of Risk Minimization in Case of Pollution on Marine Areas

Abstract

In this paper are presented the results obtained from a simulation of a pollution situation with crude oil products and the efficiency of the use of hydrocarbon recovery systems. In the event of major pollution accidents, in which the oil moves and touches the sandy drum, the only way of disposing is to load the polluted sand and to bring another in place, very costly and difficult operation. So, recovering a large amount of oil offshore is highly recommended. The phenomenon that governess the dynamics of pollution has been simulated using CFD (Computer Fluid Dynamics) and involves as follows: - In the first phase, the oil stain extends as the surface and thinning as thickness (thickness); -In the second phase, the mixing of hydrocarbon with water occurs, and the mixture becomes more and more difficult and no longer floats but moves immerse, but not less dangerous for the marine flora/fauna. This second phenomenon is favored by the state of the sea (the excitement of the water due to the waves). At the same time part of the hydrocarbon is volatile in the air, proportional with the temperature of water and air. Results of simulation are: a) the evolution of the quantity of petroleum product discharged during the simulation; b) the evolution of the quantity of evaporated petroleum product; c) the variation of the maximum thickness of the oil product film; d the variation of polluted surface; e) the variation of the quantity of petroleum product recovered; f) minimizing the risks of pollution by simulating scenarios with PISCES II software. The simulations on the movement and evolution of the oil film on the water surface are necessary for assessing the environmental impact, assessing the response time of the authorities in emergencies, assessing the situation, establishing The most sustainable strategies for limiting the scattering and isolation of petroleum products and the use of the most appropriate methods of response for the removal of petroleum products from the surface of the sea water or the shoreline.