Simulation of seismic events induced by CO2 injection at In Salah, Algeria

Verdon, James P.; Stork, A.; Bissell, Rob C.; Bond, Clare E.; Werner, Maximilian J.

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.06.029

Cited by 57 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This circle was taken given that active faults with the capacity of triggering earthquakes of magnitudes close to M 6, exhibits a surface rupture of tens of kilometers, according to the empirical models (Wells and Coppersmith, 1994). Moreover, Verdon et al (2015) pointed out that the maximum distance of induced earthquakes for fluid injection is 20 km. Larger distances could not be related to the stress/strain regime within the reservoir, except for the case of large geological https://doi.org/10.5194/se-2019-196 Preprint.…”

Section: The Circular-quadrant-search (Cqs) Strategy For the Paleostrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active tectonic field for CO<sub>2</sub> Storage management: Hontomín onshore study-case (SPAIN)

Pérez‐López

Mediato

Rodríguez-Pascua

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. One of the concerns of underground CO2 onshore storage is the triggering of Induced Seismicity and fault reactivation. Hence, a comprehensive analysis of the tectonic parameters involved in the storage rock formation is mandatory for safety management operations. Unquestionably, active faults and seal faults depicting the storage bulk are relevant parameters to be considered. However, there is a lack of analysis of the active tectonic strain field affecting these faults during the CO2 storage monitoring. The advantage of reconstructing the tectonic field is the possibility to determine the strain trajectories and describing the fault patterns affecting the reservoir rock. In this work, we adapt a methodology of systematic geostructural analysis to the underground CO2 storage, based on the calculation of the strain field and defined by the strain field from kinematics indicators on the fault planes (ey and ex for the maximum and minimum horizontal shortening respectively). This methodology is based on statistical analysis of individual strain tensor solutions obtained from fresh outcrops. Consequently, we have collected 447 fault data in 32 field stations located within a 20 km radius. The understanding of the fault sets role for underground fluid circulation can also be established, helping for further analysis about CO2 leakage and seepage. We have applied this methodology to Hontomín onshore CO2 storage facilities (Central Spain). The geology of the area and the number of high-quality outcrops, made this site as a good candidate for studying the strain field from kinematics fault analysis. The results indicate a strike-slip tectonic regime with the maximum horizontal shortening with N160° E and N50º E trend for local regime, which activates NE–SW strike-slip faults and NE–SW compressional faults. A regional tectonic field was also recognized with N–S trend, which activates E–W compressional faults. Monitoring of E–W faults within the reservoir is suggested in addition with the possibility of obtaining focal mechanism solutions for micro earthquakes (M

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Section: The Circular-quadrant-search (Cqs) Strategy For the Paleostrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active tectonic field for CO<sub>2</sub> Storage management: Hontomín onshore study-case (SPAIN)

Pérez‐López

Mediato

Rodríguez-Pascua

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Carbonate minerals dissolve when they interact with the acidic CO 2 -rich brine, leading to porosity and permeability increase (Alam et al, 2014). The porosity increase leads to a reduction in rock stiffness and strength, which has been measured in the laboratory to be on the order of 20 %-30 % (Bemer and Lombard, 2010;Vialle and Vanorio, 2011;Vanorio et al, 2011;. The measured changes become smaller for increasing confining pressure because the higher the confinement, the lower the porosity and the available reactive surface and, thus, the reaction rate.…”

Section: Geochemical Effects On Geomechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response to referee1, paper Solid Earth

Vilarrasa¹

2019

Preprint

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Geologic carbon storage, as well as other geoenergy applications, such as geothermal energy, seasonal natural gas storage and subsurface energy storage imply fluid injection and/or extraction that causes changes in rock stress field and may induce (micro)seismicity. If felt, seismicity has a negative effect on public perception and may jeopardize wellbore stability and damage infrastructure. Thus, induced earthquakes should be minimized to successfully deploy geo-energies. However, numerous processes may trigger induced seismicity, which contribute to making it complex and translates into a limited forecast ability of current predictive models. We review the triggering mechanisms of induced seismicity. Specifically, we analyze (1) the impact of pore pressure evolution and the effect that properties of the injected fluid have on fracture and/or fault stability; (2) non-isothermal effects caused by the fact that the injected fluid usually reaches the injection formation at a lower temperature than that of the rock, inducing rock contraction, thermal stress reduction and stress redistribution around the cooled region; (3) local stress changes induced when lowpermeability faults cross the injection formation, which may reduce their stability and eventually cause fault reactivation; (4) stress transfer caused by seismic or aseismic slip; and (5) geochemical effects, which may be especially relevant in carbonate-containing formations. We also review characterization techniques developed by the authors to reduce the uncertainty in rock properties and subsurface heterogeneity both for the screening of injection sites and for the operation of projects. Based on the review, we propose a methodology based on proper site characterization, monitoring and pressure management to minimize induced seismicity.Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.

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“…The interaction between two‐phase fluid is not, therefore, considered in the study. Using the injection port as the pressure boundary condition and applying the one‐phase Darcy's law, the corresponding relationship between the injection of CO 2 fluid and the deformation of the specimen and grating can be clearly reflected . Moreover, as the experiment is based on an undrained condition, the injection port is the only boundary for fluid migration.…”

Section: Numerical Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the injection port as the pressure boundary condition and applying the one-phase Darcy's law, the corresponding relationship between the injection of CO 2 fluid and the deformation of the specimen and grating can be clearly reflected. 42,47 Moreover, as the experiment is based on an undrained condition, the injection port is the only boundary for fluid migration. Hence, the pore water saturated in the pores of the specimen only serves to provide a portion of the pore pressure in this simulation.…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber Bragg grating‐based experimental and numerical investigations of CO₂ migration front in saturated sandstone under subcritical and supercritical conditions

Fan

et al. 2018

Greenhouse Gases

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Carbon dioxide (CO2) can be at risk of leakage during its storage in deep saline aquifers due to stress field changes in the reservoir. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of CO2 injection pressure on dynamic strain response of the reservoir and the CO2 migration process. A series of core flooding experiments was performed with the‐state‐of‐art fiber Bragg grating sensors. The results show that the surface strain response was linearly correlated with CO2 injection pressure. Carbon dioxide migration velocity can be estimated from the strain response time differences among three gratings. The migration velocity of supercritical CO2 is higher than that of liquid CO2 but lower than gaseous CO2. Finally, numerical simulation was applied to model the CO2 migration process and the simulated values were compatible with those of experiments. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Simulation of seismic events induced by CO2 injection at In Salah, Algeria

Cited by 57 publications

References 27 publications

Active tectonic field for CO<sub>2</sub> Storage management: Hontomín onshore study-case (SPAIN)

Active tectonic field for CO<sub>2</sub> Storage management: Hontomín onshore study-case (SPAIN)

Response to referee1, paper Solid Earth

Fiber Bragg grating‐based experimental and numerical investigations of CO₂ migration front in saturated sandstone under subcritical and supercritical conditions

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Simulation of seismic events induced by CO2 injection at In Salah, Algeria

Cited by 57 publications

References 27 publications

Active tectonic field for CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Storage management: Hontomín onshore study-case (SPAIN)

Active tectonic field for CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Storage management: Hontomín onshore study-case (SPAIN)

Response to referee1, paper Solid Earth

Fiber Bragg grating‐based experimental and numerical investigations of CO2 migration front in saturated sandstone under subcritical and supercritical conditions

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Active tectonic field for CO<sub>2</sub> Storage management: Hontomín onshore study-case (SPAIN)

Active tectonic field for CO<sub>2</sub> Storage management: Hontomín onshore study-case (SPAIN)

Fiber Bragg grating‐based experimental and numerical investigations of CO₂ migration front in saturated sandstone under subcritical and supercritical conditions