Simulation of solidification temperature profiles in the polyester process for immobilization of hazardous wastes

Mahalingam, R.; Biyani, R.K.; Shah, J. T.

doi:10.1021/i200012a013

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The variation of the static mixer efficiency parameter ( 9 ) for emulsification, with changes in Nand QE, is given in Figure 7. Temperature excursions and conversions in the solidification container, once the static mixer/reactor has been exited, are already well documented (Mahalingam et al, 1981a). This increase in mixing efficiency with decreasing N has also been observed by other workers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Continuous solidification/stabilization processing of hazardous wastes through polymeric microencapsulation

Powell¹,

Mahalingam²

1992

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.Kcl, Kc2 = gain of the diagonal controller C' m = manipulated variable vector L = reflux flow rate q = feed liquid fraction r = set-point vector TI1, TI, = integral time of diagonal controller U = left singular value decomposition matrix u1 7 output singular vector of (.) associated to the maximum singular value u1 u2 7 output singular vector of (.) associated to the minimum singular value u2 V = right singular value decomposition matrix V = vapor flow rate vi(.) = input singular vector of (.) associated to the maximum singular value u1 v,(.) = input singular vector of (.I associated to the minimum singular value u2 y = output vector YHK, YD = heavy key component composition in the distillate XLK, XB = light key component composition in the bottom ZLK = light key component feed composition ZHK = heavy key component feed composition ZH, = heavy component feed composition Greek Letters a = tuning parameter of the decoupler A = model errors matrix 6 = input error magnitude Aij = element ij of the relative gain array Z = diagonal matrix of singular values ul(.) = maximum singular value of matrix (.) u2(J = minimum singular value of matrix (.I RGA(.) Ail(.) product 1992, 31, 543-549The continuous solidification/stabilization of a simulated aqueous hazardous waste stream through microencapsulation in a polyester matrix was evaluated in a static mixer/reactor and found to be feasible. For the emulsion formation step, the Sauter mean droplet size of the emulsion formed was found to vary with the stream total flow rate to the -0.87 power, the number of mixing elements to the -0.63 power, and the volume fraction of waste to the 0.2 power. Next, numerical simulation of the polymerization reaction step for the conditions investigated predicted that the degree of polymerization occurring inside the mixer/reactor was only on the order of a safe and desirable 0.2% of the total conversion, thus ensuring the absence of any premature gelling within the mixer/reactor; also, this resulted in only a negligible fluid temperature rise, these being verified by experimental observations and measurements. On these bases, exothermicity and solidification of the stream inside the mixer/reactor are hence not expected to be processing problems.Pressure drop measurements were made for compressible gel packings Sephadex G-25 and G-100. A critical velocity at which pressure drop kept increasing was observed. Correlations were developed for pressure drop. Measurements of the chromatographic separation obtained for separating bovine serum albumin and nickel nitrate were correlated as measurements of H. A scaling procedure which

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kinetic parameters for the polymerization reaction were taken from previously published results (Biyani, 1978;Biyani et al, 1980;Mahalingam et al, 1981a).…”

Section: (4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous solidification/stabilization processing of hazardous wastes through polymeric microencapsulation

Powell¹,

Mahalingam²

1992

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The leachability index is defined per ANS 16.1 standard as 1 5 Li =log 5¿=i D ß__ eff where ß = 1.0 cm2/s. The leachability index is convenient in that it is a means of quantifying the leach characteristics of a sample by a single number.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leach studies on hazardous waste monoliths from continuous solidification/stabilization processing

Powell¹,

Mahalingam²

1992

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The continuous solidification/stabilization processing of hazardous wastes by microencapsulation in a polyester matrix has been shown to be feasible in our laboratories, through the use of a static mixer/reactor. Leach rates for the solidified samples were observed to be more a function of emulsion droplet size and the volume fraction of waste incorporated into the emulsion than the degree of initiator mixing as quantified by the number of mixing elements placed between the initiator injection point and the exit of the mixing tube. More importantly, the leach rates were substantially lower than those reported for solidified matrices from grout processing and urea-formaldehyde binding.

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Mixing alternatives for the polyester microencapsulation process for immobilization of hazardous residuals

Mahalingam

Jain

Biyani

et al. 1981

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Simulation of solidification temperature profiles in the polyester process for immobilization of hazardous wastes

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Continuous solidification/stabilization processing of hazardous wastes through polymeric microencapsulation

Continuous solidification/stabilization processing of hazardous wastes through polymeric microencapsulation

Leach studies on hazardous waste monoliths from continuous solidification/stabilization processing

Mixing alternatives for the polyester microencapsulation process for immobilization of hazardous residuals

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