Simulation of the effect of local obstructions and blockage on airflow and aerosol deposition in central human airways

Role of carrier gases in enhancement of gas exchange and aerosol–drug delivery under invasive high frequency oscillatory ventilation

“…The time step was set to be 10 -5 to ensure a low Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) number (Yin et al, 2010). For realistic complex geometries like the present CT-scan-based lung model geometry, a pure tetrahedral mesh style has been considered appropriate in many past studies De Backer et al, 2008;Dehbi, 2011;Farkas and Balashazy, 2007;Katz et al, 2014;Lambert et al, 2011;Zhang and Papadakis, 2010). In addition, Longest and Vinchurkar (2007) studied the effects of various mesh styles and concluded that the grid convergence was reasonable for tetrahedral mesh.…”

CFD Transient Simulation of a Breathing Cycle in an Oral-Nasal Extrathoracic Model

“…Modelling airflow in the human respiratory tract is of paramount interest in several areas, such as the development of inhalation devices (Inthavong et al 2010;Tong et al 2016;Srivastav et al 2014;Kleinstreuer and Zhang 2011), mechanical ventilation systems and the study of respiratory problems as asthma , emphysema, cough (Paz et al 2016), bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, and other anomalies that significantly alter the geometry of the respiratory tract, resulting in breathing obstructions (Farkas and Balásházy 2007).…”

Surfactant Analysis of Thin Liquid Film in the Human Trachea via Application of Volume of Fluid (VOF)

“…No additional tissue configuration was created due to investigation which only focused on the airway blockage area. At each generation, the branching is essentially dichotomous; each airway being divided into two smaller daughter airways (Farkas et al 2007). The tree starts at the trachea (G0-G0) whose average diameter and length are respectively D0 = 1.8 cm and L0 = 12 cm in the healthy human adult (Allen et al 2004), and ends in the terminal bronchioles.…”