Simulation of the influence of sports surfaces on vertical ground reaction forces during landing

Fritz, Martin; Peikenkamp, Klaus

doi:10.1007/bf02343533

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…1, adopted from [5]). By means of this model it is possible to simulate the gross movements of the jumpers as well as the small displacements of the concrete surface.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After sometime the connection between the leg segments become more compliant and the jumper behaves like a four-mass model. Subsequently Fritz and Peikenkamp [5] combined the model of the jumper with submodels of the surface and the force plate. The simulations showed that, on the elastic wooden surface, the passive peak of the vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) was lower and was reached later than on the concrete surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aim of the present study was to simulate a countermovement jump by modifying the functions of the time variant model parameters in the combined model of Fritz and Peikenkamp [5] to derive statements about the coordination of the leg muscle contraction during the jump from these function and to simulate the influence of the surface stiffness on the jump height without the surfacerelated responses of the subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation of the complex countermovement jumping by means of a simple four-degrees-of-freedom model

Fritz

Peikenkamp

2010

Med Biol Eng Comput

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By means of a four-degrees-of-freedom model the vertical movements of an athlete and the time course of the ground reaction force were simulated during a countermovement jump on a concrete and a wooden surface. The model masses were connected to each other and to the surface by springs and dampers. At first the stiffness of the springs decreased in order to initiate the countermovement. Afterwards the stiffness increased like the muscle activity so that the flexion of the model 'legs' were decelerated before the extension starts. The best result was attained when the stiffness of the spring between the model masses 'thighs' and 'trunk' increased before the other three springs. Compared with the muscle activity this means that for a successful jump the upper body segments have to be accelerated before the segments near to the ground are accelerated. The model 'athlete' was connected to a model of the surface. It could be shown that the jump on a concrete surface results in a better jump height than the jump on an elastic wooden surface if the muscle activation is not adapted to the surface properties.

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“…1, adopted from [5]). By means of this model it is possible to simulate the gross movements of the jumpers as well as the small displacements of the concrete surface.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Simulation of the complex countermovement jumping by means of a simple four-degrees-of-freedom model

Fritz

Peikenkamp

2010

Med Biol Eng Comput

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“…The force platform in this study was fixed rigidly on the ground. This was necessary in order to ensure the movement was not affected by the platform, and to ensure a valid and reliable reading from the platform (Fritz & Peikenkamp, 2003). The best three data for peak VGRF were documented for each angle of squatting, thus the participants needed to perform at least three movements for each squatting angle.…”

Section: Demographics and Anthropometrics Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of ground reaction force during different angle of squatting

Dali¹,

Justine²,

Ahmad

et al. 2013

JHSE

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Dali, S., Justine, M., Ahmad, H. & Othman, Z. (2013). Comparison of ground reaction force during different angle of squatting. J. Hum. Sport Exerc., 8(3), pp.778-787. Squatting is a form of closed kinetic chain movement which commonly being employed in exercise training. However, little is known regarding the amount of force being imposed on the knee at different angles of squat. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare the vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) at different angles of squatting among the military personnel. Thirty-seven subjects (age=27.1±2.77 years old) participated in this cross-sectional comparative study. The peak of VGRF was identified during squatting at 40º, 70º, and 110 º of knee flexion, which was measured using a force platform. The data were analysed using the one way repeated measure ANOVA and Pairwise Comparisons via Bonferroni adjustment. The VGRF were shown significantly different between the three angles of squatting (p<0.05). Since the Mauchly Test of Sphericity was significant (p>0 .05), the result was corrected using Greenhouse-Geiser Epsilon and continued to show a significant different [F (1.36, 49.08)=43.56] (p<0.05). The effect size was large (ηρ²=0.55). This study suggests that the angle of knee flexion during squatting exercise may influence VGRF. Deep squatting was found to generate the highest VGRF compared to semi and half squatting. Thus, it is suggested that squatting may be best performed at smaller angle in order to avoid excessive force that may be detrimental to the joint surface.

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“…48 Dance footwear ranges from dancing barefoot, in thin leather-soled ballet slippers lacking shock absorption, to high-heeled character shoes that prolong and increase loading on the female forefoot. 23,42 Hard floor surfaces increase shock attenuation demands on the feet, 21,61 while raked (inclined) stages are reported to be associated with 28% to 37% of all injuries. 18 Finally, females are at greater risk for stress fractures, 11 and the vascularity of their sesamoids is less extensive than that of males.…”

Section: Incidence and Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of a Delayed Union Sesamoid Fracture in a Dancer

Bronner¹,

Novella²,

Becica³

2007

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

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insert into the medial and lateral sesamoids, respectively. The intermetatarsal ligament also anchors the lateral sesamoid to the second MTP joint plantar plate.5 A fat-pad cushion and bursa separates the plantar dermis and the sesamoids. 57 In general, the medial sesamoid is larger and longer and the lateral sesamoid is smaller, rounder, and protected by the soft tissue of the first intermetatarsal space. 5,43The sesamoids protect the first metatarsal head by absorbing shock, increasing the FHB and FHL moment arms, and protecting and guiding the FHL passing between them. [3][4][5]53 The estimated resultant force acting across the first metatar-D ancers comprise a unique athletic population. They execute repetitive foot and ankle motions (alternating between extreme plantar flexion and dorsiflexion) with minimal to no supportive footwear, which predisposes them to overuse injuries of the foot and ankle. 10,11,39 Dancers apply a large amount of stress to the hallucal sesamoids when moving onto their toes to grand plié and demi-relevé (ankle plantar flexion and metatarsophalangeal [MTP] joint dorsiflexion), full relevé (ankle and MTP joint plantar flexion), and during eccentric deceleration occurring with jumps and hops. 14,53,58 STUDY DESIGN: Case report.

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Simulation of the influence of sports surfaces on vertical ground reaction forces during landing

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Simulation of the complex countermovement jumping by means of a simple four-degrees-of-freedom model

Simulation of the complex countermovement jumping by means of a simple four-degrees-of-freedom model

Comparison of ground reaction force during different angle of squatting

Management of a Delayed Union Sesamoid Fracture in a Dancer

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