Simulation of κ-Carbide Precipitation Kinetics in Aged Low-Density Fe–Mn–Al–C Steels and Its Effects on Strengthening

Lee, Jae-Eun; Park, Siwook; Kim, Hwangsun; Park, Seongjun; Lee, Keunho; Kim, Miyoung; Madakashira, Phaniraj; Han, Heung Nam

doi:10.1007/s12540-018-0089-4

Cited by 33 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…However, when coarse κappa carbides are formed in the low-density steel, microcracks are easily generated and spread during the deformation process, which greatly reduces the ductility of the lowdensity steel [21]. Owing to the high hardness and accumulation of coarse κappa carbides, they hardly deform during the stress process, resulting in stress concentration at the grain boundary, which greatly reduces the ductility of materials and makes them prone to brittle fracture [41][42][43].…”

Section: Effect Of Heat Input On Microstructure and Properties Of Hazmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure evolution and microhardness of thermal-simulated HAZ in Fe–Mn–Al–C steel

Mei

Wan

Zhang

et al. 2023

Materials Science and Technology

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The microstructure evolution and microhardness of Fe–Mn–Al–C steel heat-affected zone (HAZ) were investigated systematically using the weld thermal simulation technique. The results illustrated that the microstructure in HAZ with different peak temperatures (600, 800, 1000 and 1300°C) and heat inputs (10, 20 and 30 kJ cm–1) mainly consisted of ferrite and austenite. When the peak temperature was 1300°C, there are many high-angle grain boundaries which may inhibit crack propagation. With the increase in heat input, κappa carbide precipitation increased, the grain size became finer and microhardness increased. The microhardness was 438 HV when the peak temperature was 1300°C at 30 kJ cm–1. Highlights The welding of high carbon, high aluminium and low-density steel was simulated. The HAZ was composed of austenite and a small amount of high-temperature δ-ferrite. The proportion of high- and low-angle grain boundaries has a great influence on the mechanical properties. The welding heat input was 30 kJ cm–1, the grain size of the HAZ decreased and microhardness was the largest.

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Section: Effect Of Heat Input On Microstructure and Properties Of Hazmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure evolution and microhardness of thermal-simulated HAZ in Fe–Mn–Al–C steel

Mei

Wan

Zhang

et al. 2023

Materials Science and Technology

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“…During the aging process, κ-carbides with a perfect structure L12′ ((Fe, Mn) 3 AlCx (x < 1)) tend to precipitate. These carbides maintain a cube-on-cube coherency with the parent austenitic phase, with the lattice mismatch at the interface typically around 2%, increasing the aging time [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. The κ-carbides primarily precipitate through spinodal decomposition during aging and are uniformly distributed in the matrix [ 9 , 10 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Size and Distribution of k-Carbides on the Hydrogen Embrittlement and Trapping Behaviors of a Fe-Mn-Al-C Low-Density Steel

Xiong,

Guo,

Dong

2024

Materials

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This study compares the hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of a Fe-30Mn-8Al-1.2C austenitic low-density steel aged at 600 °C for 0 (RX), 1 min (A1) and 60 min (A60), each exhibiting varying sizes and distributions of nano-sized κ-carbides. Slow strain rate tests were conducted to assess hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility, while thermal desorption analysis was applied to investigate hydrogen trapping behaviors. Fracture surface analysis was employed to discuss the associated failure mechanisms. The results suggest that nano-sized κ-carbides with sizes ranging from 2–4 nm play a crucial role in mitigating hydrogen embrittlement, contrasting with the exacerbating effect of coarse grain boundary κ-carbides. This highlights the significance of controlling the sizes and morphology of precipitates in designing hydrogen-resistant materials.

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“…That is why car weight reduction directly affects CO2 emission. Low-density Fe-Mn-Al-C steels show potential, as combine low density with excellent strength and ductility [3][4][5][6][7]. In fact the Steel strength ductility diagram also known as the "Banana diagram" that has been is the subject of numerous scientific and technical publications clearly shows the advantage of this type of steels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Addition of aluminum is an efficient way to reduce the steel mass (1.3% density reduction per 1 wt% Al) [3,8]. These low-density Fe-Mn-Al-C steels have three types of microstructure: ferritic, austenitic and duplex [6,9]. Melting and alloying is the first step in making any steel, this can be especially difficult when dealing with high contents of reactive alloying elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges of Making Low density Fe-Mn-Al-C steels

Burja

Batič

Balaško

et al. 2022

METAL 2022 Conference Proeedings

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The topic of low density steels, also called light weight steels, has gained new interest in the last decade. These steels have remarkably low densities around 6.7 kg/l. They are based on the Fe-Mn-Al-C alloy system and contain around 15% Mn and around 10% Al, with high contents of C, around 0.8%. Due to high amounts of alloying elements, their microstructures can be ferritic, austenitic to duplex (also sometimes triplex). Besides the low density, the tensile tests can show elongations up to 90% and strengths above 1000 MPa. The promising steel properties are, however, accompanied by a complicated microstructural evolution, with kappa carbide precipitation and ordering of ferrite. The solidification intervals are about 100 °C, and the slow cooling leads to B2 ordered phase precipitation, and the formation of different morphologies of kappa carbides, that cause embrittlement. Fast cooling prevents secondary precipitation, and avoids phase transformations but the internal and thermal stresses cause cracking. The melting itself is not trivial due to the complex chemistries. The solidification, microstructural evolution and practical cases of heat treatments and hot working, with examples of material failure are monitored.

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Simulation of κ-Carbide Precipitation Kinetics in Aged Low-Density Fe–Mn–Al–C Steels and Its Effects on Strengthening

Cited by 33 publications

References 41 publications

Microstructure evolution and microhardness of thermal-simulated HAZ in Fe–Mn–Al–C steel

Microstructure evolution and microhardness of thermal-simulated HAZ in Fe–Mn–Al–C steel

Impact of Size and Distribution of k-Carbides on the Hydrogen Embrittlement and Trapping Behaviors of a Fe-Mn-Al-C Low-Density Steel

Challenges of Making Low density Fe-Mn-Al-C steels

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