Simulation study on the detection of high energy electrons and gamma rays with the newly upgraded Tibet ASgamma experiment

Abstract

The rapidly decreasing electron flux with the power index of -3.3 makes it difficult to measure directly with instruments on board balloons and satellites at energies higher than about 1 TeV. However, the large-area and wide-field EAS arrays could be used to extend cosmic-ray (CR) electrons spectrum (e + + e − , in the following electrons refer to both electrons and positrons) measurements up to several tens of TeV or more. The newly upgraded Tibet hybrid AS experiment (Tibet-III+MD) may become one of the world's most sensitive observatories of gamma rays or maybe electrons above ∼10 TeV due to its high separation ability of γ-rays and hadrons. In this paper, using a full Monte Carlo simulation, we examine its ability for measuring CR electrons in the high galactic latitude area above ∼10 TeV.

Application of Bayesian neural networks to energy reconstruction in EAS experiments for ground-based TeV astrophysics

“…This improvement is more significant with decreasing the zenith angle. The energy resolutions are about 40% and 18% at 100 TeV and 1 PeV in the As-γ and LHAASO experiments [1,18], respectively. The resolutions of 23.6% and 13.4% with the BNNs are obviously less than the ones in the As-γ and LHAASO experiments (see figure 2).…”