Simulations of inertial confinement fusion driven by a novel synchrotron-radiation-based x-ray igniter

Shlyaptsev, Vyacheslav N.; Tatchyn, R.

doi:10.1117/12.514855

Fourth-Generation X-Ray Sources and Ultrafast X-Ray Detectors 2004

DOI: 10.1117/12.514855

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Simulations of inertial confinement fusion driven by a novel synchrotron-radiation-based x-ray igniter

Vyacheslav N. Shlyaptsev

R. Tatchyn

Abstract: The advantages and challenges of using a powerful x-ray source for the fast ignition of compressed Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) targets have been considered. The requirements for such a source together with the optics to focus the x-rays onto compressed DT cores lead to a conceptual design based on Energy Recovery Linacs (ERLs) and long wigglers to produce x-ray pulses with the appropriate phase space properties. A comparative assessment of the parameters of the igniter system indicates that the technolog… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

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“…Recently, at least two papers 4,5 have been published suggesting that using non-thermal soft x-rays rather than an electron or ion beam for FI could further reduce the ignition energy by an order of magnitude. Hu et al 4 claim to be able to achieve ignition on OMEGA-and NIF-scale targets at laser energies several times below those predicted by the well known formula for electron-beam-driven FI 6 :…”

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confidence: 99%

Ignition criteria for x-ray fast ignition inertial confinement fusion

2020

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The derivation of the ignition energy for fast ignition inertial confinement fusion is reviewed and one-dimensional simulations are used to produce a revised formula for the ignition energy of an isochoric central hot-spot, which accounts for variation in the radius of the hot-spot rh as well as the density ρ. The required energy may be as low as 1 kJ when ρrh≈0.36 g cm−2, T≈20 keV, and ρ≥700 g cm−2. Although there are many physical challenges to creating these conditions, a possible route to producing such a hot-spot is via a bright source of non-thermal soft x-rays. Further one-dimensional simulations are used to study the non-thermal soft x-ray heating of dense DT and it is found to offer the potential to significantly reduce hydrodynamic losses as compared to particle driven fast ignition due to the hotspot being heated supersonically in a layer-by-layer fashion. A sufficiently powerful soft x-ray source would be difficult to produce, but line emission from laser-produced-plasma is the most promising option.

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confidence: 99%

Ignition criteria for x-ray fast ignition inertial confinement fusion

2020

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Burning plasmas with ultrashort soft-x-ray flashing

Goncharov

Skupsky

2012

Physics of Plasmas

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Fast ignition with narrow-band coherent x-ray pulses has been revisited for cryogenic deuterium-tritium (DT) plasma conditions achieved on the OMEGA Laser System. In contrast to using hard-x-rays (hv = 3–6 keV) proposed in the original x-ray fast-ignition proposal, we find that soft-x-ray sources with hv ≈ 500 eV photons can be suitable for igniting the dense DT-plasmas achieved on OMEGA. Two-dimensional radiation–hydrodynamics simulations have identified the break-even conditions for realizing such a “hybrid” ignition scheme (direct-drive compression with soft-x-ray heating) with 50-μm-offset targets: ∼10 ps soft-x-ray pulse (hv ≈ 500 eV) with a total energy of 500–1000 J to be focused into a 10 μm spot-size. A variety of x-ray pulse parameters have also been investigated for optimization. It is noted that an order of magnitude increase in neutron yield has been predicted even with x-ray energy as low as ∼50 J. Scaling this idea to a 1 MJ large-scale target, a gain above ∼30 can be reached with the same soft-x-ray pulse at 1.65 kJ energy. Even though such energetic x-ray sources do not currently exist, we hope that the proposed ignition scheme may stimulate efforts on generating powerful soft-x-ray sources in the near future.

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Proton beam energy deposition in fast ignition and production of protons on Shenguang II upgraded device

He¹,

Hua²,

Ming-Qiang³

et al. 2023

Acta Phys. Sin.

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The proton beam energy deposition and the prodution of proton beams in proton fast ignition are investigated with the fluid program, partice-in-cell program and Fokker-Planck program based on Shenguang II upgraded device. Firstly, according to the target parameters of fast ignition, the energy deposition of different energy protons are investigated. It is obtained that the higher of the incident proton energy, the higher of the surface density that the protons go through, accordingly the higher of the proton deposition distance in the same background plasma density. Assume the diameter of the compression core is 20-30 micrometer, and the protons that deposited in the core give the energy to the background plasma, the energy of the proton required by fast ignition is obtained with Fokker-Planck simulation. 7-12MeV protons are appropriate for ignition when the background plasma density is 300g/cm<sup>3</sup>, while 8-18MeV protons for 400g/cm<sup>3</sup>. The background plasma temperatures are all 5keV in the two cases. Secondly, we use particle-in-cell program to study the proton acceleration with or without preplasma respectively which is given by fluid program using the laser intensity <img border=0 >based on the Shenguang II upgraded device. The laser energy is 350 Joule with Gaussion pluse width of 3 picosecond and the laser spot radius of 10 micrometer. The curvature of the target which is 10µm copper coated with 1µm hydrogen plasma is 500 micrometer. The maximum proton energy obtained with preplama is 22MeV, however the maximum proton energy obtained without preplasma is 17.5 MeV. The conversion efficiency from laser to protons are 4% with preplasma and 3% without preplasma respectively. The conversion efficiency with preplasma is 20% higher than that of without preplasma. We also study the mechanism of the acceleration in this two situation. The freely expanding plasma model are used to explain the acceleration mechanism. The electric field of the simulation is smaller than that of computed with the freely expanding plasma model, since at the moment the plasma is expanding, a part of protons are accelerated which consume some electric field. Combined with the results of proton energy deposition, It is concluded that the proton beams that are suitable for fast ignition can be obtained by SGII upgraded device.

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Simulations of inertial confinement fusion driven by a novel synchrotron-radiation-based x-ray igniter

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Ignition criteria for x-ray fast ignition inertial confinement fusion

Ignition criteria for x-ray fast ignition inertial confinement fusion

Burning plasmas with ultrashort soft-x-ray flashing

Proton beam energy deposition in fast ignition and production of protons on Shenguang II upgraded device

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