Simultaneous Active/Passive Seismic Monitoring of Steam Assisted Heavy Oil Production

Forgues, Éric; Schisselé-Rebel, Estelle; Cotton, Julien

doi:10.3997/2214-4609.20149236

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In addition, Forgues and Schisselé () presented signal‐to‐noise ratio improvements of 20 dB when using buried hydrophones and NRMS values between 0% and 15% for a survey over 84 days. More recently, continuous monitoring studies have shown that both travel‐time and amplitude variations linked with steam injection within heavy‐oil reservoirs can be tracked daily over several months or years (Forgues, Schisselé‐Rebel, and Cotton ; Cotton et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using slowness and azimuth fluctuations as new observables for four‐dimensional reservoir seismic monitoring

Cacqueray

Roux

Campillo

2015

Geophysical Prospecting

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Four‐dimensional imaging using geophysical data is of increasing interest in the oil and gas industries. While travel‐time and amplitude variations are commonly used to monitor reservoir properties at depth, their interpretation can suffer from a lack of information to decipher the parts played by different parameters. In this context, this study focuses on the slowness and azimuth angle measured at the surface using source and receiver arrays as complementary observables. In the first step, array processing techniques are used to extract both azimuth and incidence angles at the source side (departure angles) and at the receiver side (arrival angles). In the second step, the slowness and angle variations are monitored in a laboratory environment. These new observables are compared with traditional arrival‐time variations when the propagation medium is subject to temperature fluctuations. Finally, field data from a heavy‐oil permanent reservoir monitoring system installed onshore and facing steam injection and temperature variations are investigated. The slowness variations are computed over a period of 152 days. In agreement with Fermat's principle, strong correlations between the slowness and arrival‐time variations are highlighted, as well as good consistency with other techniques and field pressure measurements. Although the temporal variations of slowness and arrival time show the same features, there are still differences that can be considered for further characterization of the physical changes at depth.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using slowness and azimuth fluctuations as new observables for four‐dimensional reservoir seismic monitoring

Cacqueray

Roux

Campillo

2015

Geophysical Prospecting

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“…In the search for improved data quality and increased flexibility, permanent SAGD monitoring pilots have been installed at different locations over the last few years. An experiment involving permanently buried piezoelectric sources and geophones has been described by Forgues, Schisselé and Cotton (), while Byerley et al . () have explained a method involving dynamite sources and permanent receivers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reservoir monitoring of steam‐assisted gravity drainage using borehole measurements

Tøndel

Schütt

Dümmong

et al. 2014

Geophysical Prospecting

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This paper presents the results from a research project focusing on permanent cross‐well geophysical methods for reservoir monitoring during steam‐assisted gravity drainage. A feasibility study indicated detectable differences in seismic and electrical reservoir properties based on expected changes in temperature and fluid saturation during the production of extra heavy oil. As a result of this, a permanent cross‐well system was installed at the Leismer Demonstration Area, located in the Athabasca Oil Sands region in Alberta, Canada. Baseline data sets, including cross‐well seismic, three‐dimensional vertical seismic profiling and cross‐well electrical resistivity tomography, have been acquired. Comparisons between conventional surface seismic and downhole seismic data show an increase in resolution and frequency content as expected. Steam‐assisted gravity drainage‐induced time‐lapse effects are clearly visible in the 3D vertical seismic profiling and electrical resistivity tomography data sets, even after a few months of oil production. In general, the 3D vertical seismic profiling images show a higher resolution than the surface seismic data, in particular when dealing with vertical positioning of the time‐lapse events. The electrical resistivity tomography baseline shows clear separation between zones of high and low electrical resistivity, and during 23 months of electrical resistivity tomography measurements the maximum reduction of resistivity is 85%. Time‐lapse observations from acoustic and electrical borehole data correspond well, and are also supported by temperature measurements in the two observation wells. Emerging technologies, updated models, improved flexibility, and reduced costs will allow future reservoir monitoring with surface and borehole data in combination, or even with borehole data exclusively.

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Tracking of velocity variations at depth in the presence of surface velocity fluctuations

et al. 2013

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We tested a small-scale experiment that is dedicated to the study of the wave separation algorithm and to the velocity variations monitoring problem itself. It handles the case in which velocity variations at depth are hidden by near-surface velocity fluctuations. Using an acquisition system that combines an array of sources and an array of receivers, coupled with controlled velocity variations, we tested the ability of beam-forming techniques to track velocity variations separately for body waves and surface waves. After wave separation through double beam forming, the arrival time variations of the different waves were measured through the phase difference between the extracted wavelets. Finally, a method was tested to estimate near-surface velocity variations using surface waves or shallow reflection and compute a correction to isolate target velocity variations at depth.

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Simultaneous Active/Passive Seismic Monitoring of Steam Assisted Heavy Oil Production

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Using slowness and azimuth fluctuations as new observables for four‐dimensional reservoir seismic monitoring

Using slowness and azimuth fluctuations as new observables for four‐dimensional reservoir seismic monitoring

Reservoir monitoring of steam‐assisted gravity drainage using borehole measurements

Tracking of velocity variations at depth in the presence of surface velocity fluctuations

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