Simultaneous adsorption of manganese and fluoride from aqueous solution via bimetal impregnated activated carbon derived from waste tire: Response surface method modeling approach

Abstract

Adsorptive removal of manganese and fluoride from wastewater by waste tire-derived activated carbon impregnated with iron and cobalt has been presented in this article. The surface properties of bimetallic activated carbon were characterized in scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The newly developed adsorbent was used for simultaneous removal of fluoride and manganese from aqueous solution. Present work focuses on the optimization of process parameters using response surface method (RSM) technique employing significant parameters, namely, adsorbent dosage, initial fluoride and manganese concentrations, contact time and pH. Central composite design in RSM was utilized for the levels of adsorbent dosage (0.5-1 g/L), initial fluoride concentration (20-40 ppm), initial manganese concentration (30-50 ppm), time (15-35 min), and pH (4-8) of the solution. The R 2 value obtained from the statistics data was 96.25 and 97.57% for fluoride and manganese, respectively. The optimal values were determined as the adsorbent dosage of 1.25 g/L, initial fluoride concentration of 10 ppm, initial manganese concentration of 25.25 ppm, the contact time of 30.9 min and pH of solution of 2.0, under which 99.96% manganese and 85.34% fluoride removal efficiency could be accomplished. K E Y W O R D S activated carbon, adsorption of Mn and F, iron-cobalt nanocomposite, response surface method, waste tire | INTRODUCTIONSupervision of harmful ions, like manganese and fluoride, is of public health concern since manganese affects the central nervous system of the human body and fluoride is accountable for bone fluorosis. 1 Fluoride is useful to human health at very low concentrations, it inhibits dental caries and benefits in bone strength. However, higher than a tolerable level of 1.5 ppm, fluoride leads to several complications such as skeletal and dental fluorosis, diminished birth rates, neurological disorders, and lower intelligence quotient. Fluoride cannot exist in elemental form in the environment owing to its high electronegativity and reactivity. 2 The epidemiological studies demonstrate that drinking water is the most common method of fluoride entrance into the human body. 3 Manganese is a trace element valuable for the operation of the human body (2-5 mg/day), but as heavy metal, it is very toxic, particularly after contact with a high dose. The long-time exposure to manganese upsets several systems in the human body such as cardiac systems, reproductive, respiratory and neurological illness clinics called manganism. 4,5 According to WHO, the extremely tolerable limit of manganese in drinking water is 0.5 mg/L. 6,7 The means that have been adopted for the removal of manganese and fluoride from polluted water are precipitation, 8 membrane processes, 9 ion exchange, 10 adsorption, 11 coagulation, 12 and electrochemical treatments. 13

Optimization of Methylene Blue Adsorption onto Activated Carbon derived from Pineapple Peel Waste using Response Surface Methodology

“…To establish mathematical correlations between the input factors and the percentage adsorption capacity of the MB dye, the outcomes of the 20 experimental runs were fitted into a quadratic equation, as shown in equation 2 (Bhowmik et al, 2018;Bose et al, 2021;Zhang et al, 2020).…”

Iron Oxide- and Copper Oxide-Decorated Chemically Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite as a Novel Electrode for Hybrid Supercapacitors

“…In contrast to other current collectors, iron and copper are admirable contenders owing to their low cost, light weight, and abundance. Many studies have been conducted with copper-graphene and iron-graphene composites as SCs. ,,− However, research work aiming at improving the electrochemical performance of an SC electrode employing dual metal oxide-decorated RGO is limited. This calls for the development of bimetal-decorated graphene as an electrode material for SCs.…”

“…This lacuna calls for introduction of metals with high electrochemical potential along with iron to facilitate the electrochemical activity. In this study, we address the aforementioned problem by introducing copper nanoparticles along with iron to help alleviate issues associated with the poor reactivity . In the current study, we have developed an iron oxide- and copper oxide-decorated RGO composite as an electrode material and studied its effectiveness to facilitate the electrochemical performance of the electrode.…”

Study on the Preparation of Nano-FeS Loaded on Fly Ash and Its Cr Removal Performance

“…16−18 Based on this, the author considered the use of fly ash loaded with nFeS for the treatment of acidic chromiumcontaining wastewater, which can solve the technical bottleneck of the small adsorption capacity of fly ash and the easy agglomeration of nFeS and ensure the adsorption of fly ash and the advantages of nFeS redox in the treatment of acidic chromium-containing wastewater to be maximized. The effects of fly ash particle size, the molarity of FeSO 4 , and the flow rate on the treatment of chromium-containing wastewater with nFeS-F were investigated by the response surface methodology (RSM) 23 to determine the optimal preparation conditions. The aim is to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of acidic chromium-containing wastewater with fly ash-loaded FeS.…”