Simultaneous and automated detection of influenza A virus hemagglutinin H7 and H9 based on magnetism and size mediated microfluidic chip

Abstract

A B S T R A C TInfluenza viruses with multiple subtypes have highly virulent in humans, of which influenza hemagglutinin (HA) is the major viral surface antigen. Simultaneous and automated detection of multiple influenza HA are of great importance for early-stage diagnosis and operator protection. Herein, a magnetism and size mediated microfluidic platform was developed for point-of-care detection of multiple influenza HA. With multiplex microvalves and computer program control, the detection process showed high automation which had a great potential for avoiding the high-risk virus exposure to the operator. Taking advantage of magnetism and size mediated multiple physical fields, multiple influenza HA could be simultaneous separation and detection depended on different-size magnetic beads. Using high-luminance quantum dots as reporter, this assay achieved high sensitivity with a detection limit of 3.4 ng/mL for H7N9 HA and 4.5 ng/mL for H9N2 HA, and showed excellent specificity, anti-interference ability and good reproducibility. These results indicate that this method may propose new avenues for early detection of multiple influenza subtypes.

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“…Copyright 2020 American Chemical Society. Reproduced with permission from ref ( 43 ). Copyright 2020 Elsevier.…”

Microfluidic devices for the detection of viruses: aspects of emergency fabrication during the COVID-19 pandemic and other outbreaks

“… [ 90 ] H1N1, H2N2, and H3N2 dye tag the tested viruses were tagged with fluorescence-labels. [ 91 ] H1N1 antibody anti-InfA nucleoprotein monoclonal antibody (A microfluidic immunomagnetic bead-based system for the rapid detection of influenza infections: from purified virus particles to clinical specimens) [ 92 ] H1N1 antibody a specific to influenza virus H1N1 was reported but no further detail was presented. [ 65 ] H7N9 and H9N2 antibody anti-H7N9 and H9N2 HA antibodies [ 51 ] H1N1, H3N2, H5N1, and H7N9; InfB; glycan InfA/H1N1 (105M049), InfA/H3N2 (16028588), InfA/H5N1 (Vietnam/1194/2004 NIBRG-14), InfA/H5N2 (Taiwan/duck/30-2/2005), InfA/H7N9 (Shanghai/2/2013 IDCDC-RG32A) and two strains of InfB (105M044 [Victoria strain] and 17M50121 [Yamagata strain]).sialylated N-glycans were used to group the viruses in the sample.all the sequences are detailed in the electronic supplementary material of the original article.…”

“…They developed a device capable of recognizing two subtypes of Influenza A (Inf.-A) simultaneously, based on antibodies immobilized on magnetic beads [ 92 ]. Antibodies anti-H7 and anti-H9 were used to detect H7N9 and H9N2 Inf.-A subtype viral proteins in concentrations as low as 3.4 and 4.5 ng ml −1 , respectively [ 92 ]. Microfluidic devices can also use aptamers 3 to screen for viruses.…”

“…The subtypes of the inf.-A virus are characterized by a combination of haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) proteins [ 86 , 92 , 119 ]. HA is a viral surface protein that participates in the viral invasion and propagation process in host cells [ 92 , 119 ]. Anti-HA antibodies were used to capture the viruses, and the suitability of several aptamers against H1N1 was tested.…”

How chemical engineers can contribute to fight the COVID-19

“…Wang et al. [82] observed the necessity to perform simultaneous and automatic detection of subtypes of hemagglutinin (HA) of influenza virus in microfluidic chips. The device presented the advantage of possessing microvalve components integrated with software, avoiding the human contact with the samples, minimizing the contamination risks.…”