Simultaneous controllers for stabilizing the frequency changes in deregulated power system using moth flame optimization

SSA‐optimized cascade optimal‐PIDN controller for multi‐area power system with RFB under deregulated environment

“…To tackle the AGC problem authors have utilized sine cosine algorithm for tuning gain of cascade FOPI-FOPD 6 and FOPI-FOPID 7 controller for three-area multi-source deregulated power system shown better dynamic performance as compared to commonly used classic controllers. Authors have offered a variety of traditional and adaptive ways for tuning the controller parameters in the restructured system like artificial cooperative search algorithm (ACSA), 8 opposition-based harmonic search (OHS), 9 ant lion optimizer (ALO), 10 moth flame optimization (MFO), 11,12 crow-search algorithm (CSA), 13 salp swarm algorithm (SSA), [14][15][16] imperialist competition algorithm (ICA), 17 bacterial foraging optimization (BFO), 18 volleyball premier league algorithm (VPLA), 19 water cycle algorithm (WCA), 20 mine blasting algorithm (MBA), 21 genetic algorithm (GA), 22 modified group search optimization algorithm (MGSOA), 23 opposition-based interactive search algorithm (OISA), 24 and selfish herd optimization technique (SHOT). 25 All of them have implemented different controllers to solve AGC problem with satisfactory and superior results.…”

“…Next, for tuning controller gains, researchers have considered various cost function which include tie-line power deviation and deviation in area frequencies such as integral (I) of squared error (ISE) and I of time multiplied SE (ITSE), I of absolute error (IAE), I of time multiplied AE (ITAE). [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Alhelou et al 26 compared performance of various cost function in load frequency control (LFC) reveals that ITSE shows lower peak of frequency deviation, overshoot and settling time than mostly used cost function that is, ISE.…”

“…Aside from the influence of efficient controller structures in power systems, the introduction of an energy storage (ES) element has a noteworthy impression on AGC system performance. 5,6,8,9,[12][13][14]17,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] In the literature, various articles have been published so far by incorporating various energy storage devices in various structured power system models like redox flow battery (RFB) in restructured multi-source thermal-hydro-diesel-gas system. 5 Comparative analysis between various energy storage devices by Tashnin et al 6 shows that RFB perform better than battery energy storage (BES), flywheel ES (FES), capacitive ES (CES), superconductive magnetic ES (SMES), and ultra-capacitor (UC) when used in similar environment.…”

“…5 Comparative analysis between various energy storage devices by Tashnin et al 6 shows that RFB perform better than battery energy storage (BES), flywheel ES (FES), capacitive ES (CES), superconductive magnetic ES (SMES), and ultra-capacitor (UC) when used in similar environment. To enhance the power system performance in dynamic conditions, various other uses of energy storage systems are visible via SMES/RFB, 8 RFB, 9 UC, 12 UC/RFB, 13 RFB, 14 RFB/CES, 17 RFB, [27][28][29][30][31]33 BES/FES/CES/SMES/RFB, 32 SMES, 34 SMES/UC, 35 and SMES/RFB. 36 Hence, various researchers have incorporated RFB for better dynamic performance of AGC of power systems.…”

“…Acharyulu et al 11 proposed cascaded PI‐PD with filter coefficient (CPIPDF) controller for three‐area multi‐source system and compared its transient response with PI, PID, PIDF, and CPIPD controllers. Next, researchers have offered diverse cascade control methods to address the AGC concern such as 2‐degree of freedom of PID‐FOPDN (2DOF‐PID‐FOPDN) controller, 12 cascade FOPI‐IDN controller, 13 cascade PIDF(1+FOD) controller, 16 FPIDF/FPIDF‐(1+PI) controller, 17 cascaded 2‐DOF‐PI‐FOPDN controller, 19 cascade tilt integral‐tilt integral derivative (CC‐TI‐TID) controller, 20 cascaded TIDN‐(1+PI) controller 21 and cascade 2DOF‐PIDN‐FOID controller 24 provide high end performance over single loop control strategies. But, cascade optimal controller‐conventional PID/PIDN that is, COC‐PID/PIDN not available in the literature.…”