Simultaneous correction of the influence of skin color and fat on tissue spectroscopy by use of a two-distance fiber-optic probe and orthogonalization technique

Yang, Yong; Landry, Michelle; Soyemi, Olusola O.; Shear, Michael; Anunciacion, Dulce; Soller, Babs R.

doi:10.1364/ol.30.002269

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Other studies employing NIRS report only tissue oxygen saturation, where the measurement is a nonspecific weighted average of oxygen saturation in the skin, fat, and muscle depending on the design of the sensor (3, 10). Our sensor is specifically designed to collect and analyze spectra from the muscle, eliminating spectral interferences from skin pigment and fat (34). In addition, the calculation methods used to determine PmO 2 and SmO 2 are independent of variations in muscle optical properties between subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second sensor collects light that illuminates the skin, fat, and muscle layer. Mathematical processing removes the light reflected from the skin and fat, leaving only the absorption spectrum of muscle (34). Removal of spectral interference from skin pigmentation and fat is critical to determining absolute chemical concentrations from muscle spectra.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently van Beekvelt et al (32) and Homma et al (14) demonstrated that fat layers can influence the accuracy of an SmO 2 calculation. We demonstrated a method to correct attenuation spectra for the spectral interference of fat prior to their use in calculating physiologically important parameters (34).…”

Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Light collected from the short distance pair is orthogonalized with the light from the long distance pair to generate a spectrum that describes attenuation from only the muscle layer. The details of this method are described in a prior publication (34). The corrected spectrum is then used for the calculation of SmO 2 based on an adaptation of a method first proposed by Stratonnikov and Loschenov (30).…”

Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Noninvasively determined muscle oxygen saturation is an early indicator of central hypovolemia in humans

Soller¹,

Yang²,

Soyemi³

et al. 2008

Journal of Applied Physiology

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Ten healthy human volunteers were subjected to progressive lower body negative pressure (LBNP) to the onset of cardiovascular collapse to compare the response of noninvasively determined skin and fat corrected deep muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) and pH to standard hemodynamic parameters for early detection of imminent hemodynamic instability. Muscle SmO2 and pH were determined with a novel near infrared spectroscopic (NIRS) technique. Heart rate (HR) was measured continuously via ECG, and arterial blood pressure (BP) and stroke volume (SV) were obtained noninvasively via Finometer and impedance cardiography on a beat-to-beat basis. SmO2 and SV were significantly decreased during the first LBNP level (-15 mmHg), whereas HR and BP were late indicators of impending cardiovascular collapse. SmO2 declined in parallel with SV and inversely with total peripheral resistance, suggesting, in this model, that SmO2 is an early indicator of a reduction in oxygen delivery through vasoconstriction. Muscle pH decreased later, suggesting an imbalance between delivery and demand. Spectroscopic determination of SmO2 is noninvasive and continuous, providing an early indication of impending cardiovascular collapse resulting from progressive reduction in central blood volume.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Noninvasively determined muscle oxygen saturation is an early indicator of central hypovolemia in humans

Soller¹,

Yang²,

Soyemi³

et al. 2008

Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…The illumination and detector bundles were designed with mathematical processing that removed the light reflected from the skin and fat, leaving only the absorbance spectrum of muscle (24).…”

Section: Measurement Of Decompensationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specificity of Compensatory Reserve and Tissue Oxygenation as Early Predictors of Tolerance to Progressive Reductions in Central Blood Volume

Howard

Janak²,

Hinojosa‐Laborde³

et al. 2016

Shock

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We previously reported that measurements of muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) and the compensatory reserve index (CRI) provided earlier indication of reduced central blood volume than standard vital signs (e.g., blood pressure, heart rate, arterial oxygen saturation). In the present study, we hypothesized that the CRI would provide greater sensitivity and specificity to detect progressive decrease in central circulating blood volume compared with SmO2. Continuous noninvasive measures of CRI (calculated from feature changes in the photoplethysmographic arterial waveforms) were collected from 55 healthy volunteer subjects before and during stepwise lower body negative pressure (LBNP) to the onset of hemodynamic decompensation. Near infrared spectroscopy was used on the forearm to obtain deep SmO2, hydrogen ion concentration ([H]), and hemoglobin volume (HbT; decreases reflect vasoconstriction). CRI decreased by 97% in a linear fashion across progressive blood volume loss, with no clinically significant alterations in vital signs. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) for the CRI was 0.91, with a sensitivity of 0.87 and specificity of 0.80, when predicting decompensation at progressive levels of LBNP. In comparison, SmO2, [H], and HbT had significantly lower ROC AUC, sensitivity and specificity values for detecting the same outcome. Consistent with our hypothesis, CRI detected central hypovolemia with significantly greater specificity than measures of tissue metabolism. Single measurement of CRI may enable more accurate triage, while CRI monitoring may allow for earlier detection of casualty deterioration.

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Near infrared spectroscopy-derived interstitial hydrogen ion concentration and tissue oxygen saturation during ambulation

et al. 2011

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The objective of this study was to determine whether walking and running at different treadmill speeds resulted in different metabolic and cardiovascular responses in the vastus lateralis (VL) and lateral gastrocnemius (LG) by examining metabolite accumulation and tissue oxygen saturation. Ten healthy subjects (6 males, 4 females) completed a submaximal treadmill exercise test, beginning at 3.2 km h(-1) and increasing by 1.6 km h(-1) increments every 3 min until reaching 85% of age-predicted maximal heart rate. Muscle tissue oxygenation (SO(2)), total hemoglobin (HbT) and interstitial hydrogen ion concentration ([H(+)]) were calculated from near infrared spectra collected from VL and LG. The [H(+)] threshold for each muscle was determined using a simultaneous bilinear regression. Muscle and treadmill speed effects were analyzed using a linear mixed model analysis. Paired t-tests were used to test for differences between muscles in the [H(+)] threshold. SO(2) decreased (P = 0.001) during running in the VL and LG, but the SO(2) response across treadmill speeds was different between muscles (P = 0.047). In both muscles, HbT and [H(+)] increased as treadmill speed increased (P < 0.001), but the response to exercise was not different between muscles. The [H(+)] threshold occurred at a lower whole-body VO(2) in the LG (1.22 ± 0.63 L min(-1)) than in the VL (1.46 ± 0.58 L min(-1), P = 0.01). In conclusion, interstitial [H(+)] and SO(2) are aggregate measures of local metabolite production and the cardiovascular response. Inferred from simultaneous SO(2) and [H(+)] measures in the VL and LG muscles, muscle perfusion is well matched to VL and LG work during walking, but not running.

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Simultaneous correction of the influence of skin color and fat on tissue spectroscopy by use of a two-distance fiber-optic probe and orthogonalization technique

Cited by 20 publications

References 23 publications

Noninvasively determined muscle oxygen saturation is an early indicator of central hypovolemia in humans

Noninvasively determined muscle oxygen saturation is an early indicator of central hypovolemia in humans

Specificity of Compensatory Reserve and Tissue Oxygenation as Early Predictors of Tolerance to Progressive Reductions in Central Blood Volume

Near infrared spectroscopy-derived interstitial hydrogen ion concentration and tissue oxygen saturation during ambulation

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