Simultaneous demonstration of the Philadelphia chromosome in T, B, and myeloid cells

Abstract

A patient presented with lymphoblastic lymphoma in lymph-nodes and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in narrow and peripheral blood. All marrow and unstimulated peripheral blood cells contained the Philadelphia chromosome[t(9:22)]. Lymphoma cells were analyzed by flow cytometry and were identified as T cells (CD2+CD5+CD7+CD34+). All fresh lymphoma cells contained the t(9:22) translocation. Cultures of purified peripheral blood T and B cells and specifically stimulated NK cells revealed that 59% of the B cells, 10% of the NK cells, and none of the normal T cells contained the translocation. The lack of translocation in normal peripheral T cells is attributed to their long lifespan. No rearrangement of immunoglobulin or T cell receptor beta or gamma genes was found in either the leukemia or lymphoma cells. Analysis of the DNA from cryopreserved lymphoma biopsy showed clonal rearrangement within the common breakpoint cluster region of the bcr gene identical to the bcr rearrangement in DNA from leukemia blood cells. The data support the concept that T and B cells originate in the patient's totipotent stem cell from which the CML is also derived.

Which compartments are involved in Philadelphia‐chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukaemia? An answer at the single cell level by combining May‐Grünwald‐Giemsa staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization techniques

“…Similar results for T lymphocytes were achieved using CD4 or CD8 antibodies. These results do not support the hypothesis that T cells are not, or only in a very small number, involved in the malignant transformation because of their long life-span (MacKinney et al, 1993;Kearney et al, 1982;Bartram et al, 1987). Due to their rarity in CML, we were able to investigate only a few plasma cells with the combination of MGG and FISH or with FICTION using CD38 þ cells with the typical morphology of plasma cells.…”

BCR–ABL promotes neutrophil differentiation in the chronic phase of chronic myeloid leukemia by downregulating c-Jun expression

“…Furthermore, the Ph chromosome is found in all hematopoietic lineages. [3][4][5][6][7][8] Despite this, in the chronic phase (CP) of CML, leukemic stem cells can differentiate, and mature neutrophils dominate the peripheral blood and bone marrow. Therefore, it follows that BCR-ABL preferentially promotes granulocytic differentiation and Ph-positive leukemic stem cell proliferation, possibly through the constitutive expression of growth-stimulating factors by leukemic progenitors and through the anti-apoptotic properties of CML cells.…”

Elevated frequency of sister chromatid exchanges of lymphocytes in sarin-exposed victims of the Tokyo sarin disaster 3 years after the event

“…In contrast, although very little is known about the exact lifespan of NK cells (Pabst and Westermann, 1993), Little et al (1962) have reported that turnover times of small lymphocytes which are supposed to be T and B cells in peripheral blood are longer than large lymphocytes, which are supposed to be NK cells in rats. MacKinney et al (1993) also pointed out that T lymphocytes have a longer lifespan than B and NK cells.…”