Simultaneous denitrification and desulfurization-S0 recovery of wastewater in trickling filters by bioaugmentation intervention based on avoiding collapse critical points

Biodesulfurization of Consortia Immobilized on Oil Palm Frond Biochar in Biotrickling Filters under Anoxic Conditions

“…This technology is generally based on an aerobic process using sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) to convert H 2 S into sulfate and elemental sulfur [1,5]. During biological conversion, O 2 acts as an electron acceptor under aerobic conditions, whereas NO 3 − acts as an electron acceptor under anoxic conditions [1,6,7]. The aerobic process is an effective biological treatment due to its low nutritional requirements and high H 2 S affinity [8].…”

“…Recently, biodesulfurization has been studied under anoxic conditions without an oxygen requirement [6,9,11,12]. Under these conditions, nitrate-reducing sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (NR-SOB) are the main microorganisms for simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification [13].…”

“…Under these conditions, nitrate-reducing sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (NR-SOB) are the main microorganisms for simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification [13]. BTFs have also been used to combine physical and biological processes [6,[9][10][11][12]. Packing materials in BTFs include either natural or synthetic materials such as pall rings, polypropylene pall rings, polyurethane foams, ball rings, and compost [6,9,10,12,14,15].…”

“…BTFs have also been used to combine physical and biological processes [6,[9][10][11][12]. Packing materials in BTFs include either natural or synthetic materials such as pall rings, polypropylene pall rings, polyurethane foams, ball rings, and compost [6,9,10,12,14,15]. Zhao et al [16] reported that biochar produced from sawdust and urea phosphate, maple wood, pig manure, food waste and sludge, and coffee industrial waste was successfully applied for hydrogen sulfide removal with an adsorption capacity of 54.8-281.5 mg/g.…”