Simultaneous determination of ammonia, aliphatic amines, aromatic amines and phenols at µg l–1 levels in environmental waters by solid-phase extraction of their benzoyl derivatives and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Abstract

Low concentrations of phenols and amines in environmental waters and their low breakthrough volume during solid-phase extraction (SPE) hinder the detection of phenols and aromatic amines, whereas ammonia and aliphatic amines are not suitable for SPE. Pre-column derivatization to arylbenzoates and N-alkyl-or N-arylbenzamides and their GC-MS is proposed to separate and determine phenols and amines in aqueous samples in the range 0.1-100

Analytical Aspects of Aromatic Amines

“…The eluate is collected over anhydrous sodium sulfate and 1 µL of solution is injected into the GC. The original analytes are present in the 0.1 to 100 ppb concentration range and the LOD are 7 to 39 ppt for most analytes (90 ppt for 2,3,6-trichlorophenol and 20 ppb for ammonia) with linear range from 0.1 to 100 ppb except for ammonia (50 to 4000 ppb) 136 .…”

“…to yield the corresponding aryl benzoates or benzamides. The reaction mixture is cleaned up and concentrated by SPE (Section III.A.2) 136 . N 1 -Methylation (of the sulfonamido group) with diazomethane has been proposed for the volatilization of sulfa drugs.…”

Binding of low molecular mass compounds to proteins studied by liquid chromatographic techniques

“…Because of their wide spread applications in various industrial processes (Hankey et al, 2001), phenol and ring-substituted phenol derivatives are of potential environmental pollutants occurring in wastewater (Gonzalez et al, 2001), environmental waters (Mishra et al, 2001), and soils (Bastos et al, 2001). Phenols can exert manyfold toxic effects (Powley and Carlson, 2001), they impair the viability of primary colonic epithelial cells (Pedersen et al, 2002), are hematotoxic (Van Den Heuvel et al, 2001), and influence enzyme production (Pessione et al, 2001).…”

Development of single‐drop microextraction and simultaneous derivatization followed by GC‐MS for the determination of aliphatic amines in tobacco

“…For example, Chobanyan et al developed pentafluorobenzoyl chloride derivatization coupled with solvent extraction for GC analysis of the dimethylamine in human blood [9]. Toro et al, Zhao et al and Mishra et al applied derivatization followed by solid-phase extraction and GC-MS to the analysis of aliphatic amines in water samples [10][11][12]. Chemical derivatization together with solid-phase microextraction and GC or GC-MS was also established for the determination of aliphatic amines in water, human urine and air [13][14][15][16][17].…”