Simultaneous determination of baicalein, chrysin and wogonin in four Iranian Scutellaria species by high performance liquid chromatography

Gharari, Zahra; Bagheri, Khadijeh; Danafar, Hossein; Sharafi, Ali

doi:10.1016/j.jarmap.2019.100232

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Hence, the flavonoid yield of this hairy roots system was clearly superior to intact roots which were shown to contain a total of only 0.0328 mg . g −1 DW flavonoids (Gharari et al 2020b ).…”

Section: Flavonoids and Phenolic Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of bioactive plant secondary metabolites through in vitro technologies—status and outlook

Wawrosch

Zotchev

2021

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

122

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Medicinal plants have been used by mankind since ancient times, and many bioactive plant secondary metabolites are applied nowadays both directly as drugs, and as raw materials for semi-synthetic modifications. However, the structural complexity often thwarts cost-efficient chemical synthesis, and the usually low content in the native plant necessitates the processing of large amounts of field-cultivated raw material. The biotechnological manufacturing of such compounds offers a number of advantages like predictable, stable, and year-round sustainable production, scalability, and easier extraction and purification. Plant cell and tissue culture represents one possible alternative to the extraction of phytochemicals from plant material. Although a broad commercialization of such processes has not yet occurred, ongoing research indicates that plant in vitro systems such as cell suspension cultures, organ cultures, and transgenic hairy roots hold a promising potential as sources for bioactive compounds. Progress in the areas of biosynthetic pathway elucidation and genetic manipulation has expanded the possibilities to utilize plant metabolic engineering and heterologous production in microorganisms. This review aims to summarize recent advances in the in vitro production of high-value plant secondary metabolites of medicinal importance.Key points• Bioactive plant secondary metabolites are important for current and future use in medicine• In vitro production is a sustainable alternative to extraction from plants or costly chemical synthesis• Current research addresses plant cell and tissue culture, metabolic engineering, and heterologous production Graphical abstract

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Section: Flavonoids and Phenolic Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of bioactive plant secondary metabolites through in vitro technologies—status and outlook

Wawrosch

Zotchev

2021

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…As conventional organic solvents, methanol and ethanol were widely used as the solvents in the extraction of flavonoids due to the high polarity of flavonoids in Radix Scutellaria [ 9 , 12 ]. The effects of ultrasonic extraction, Soxhlet extraction, and reflux extraction on the yields of total flavonoids from S. baicalensis were compared with those using methanol and ethanol as extraction solvent.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mobile phase systems, water-acetonitrile-methanol-phosphoric acid (60 : 38 : 30 : 1, V/V/V/V) [ 9 ], acetonitrile (A)-0.02% acetic acid (B) [ 26 ], methanol (A)-acetonitrile (B)-0.1% formic acid (C) [ 12 ], methanol (A)-0.05% formic acid (B) [ 38 ], methanol-1% acetic acid (50 : 50 : 1) [ 39 ], and acetonitrile (A)-0.1% formic acid (B) [ 40 ], had been used formerly for the determination of flavonoids in Radix Scutellaria . On the basis of previous research and the multiple comparative experimental studies, the acetonitrile (A)-0.1% phosphoric acid (B) mobile phase system was employed to determine 8 flavonoids at the same time for the effective separation for the determined compounds ( Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The least squares method was used to calculate the regression equation between the chromatographic peak area ( y ) and the concentration ( x ) of 8 flavonoids, and the correlation coefficient ( R 2 ) was used to reflect the correlation degree between the peak area and the concentration [ 12 ]. The methodological investigation of the determination method was further carried out through the determination of repeatability, stability, precision, and sample recovery according to the method of literature [ 9 , 12 , 29 ]. In order to verify the repeatability of the determination method, six different sample solutions prepared in parallel of Radix Scutellaria sample from the same origin (HQ-1) were analyzed, and the contents and relative standard deviation (RSD) values of eight flavonoids were calculated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparative Study of the Flavonoid Content in Radix Scutellaria from Different Cultivation Areas in China

Zheng

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2023

International Journal of Analytical Chemistry

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Scutellariabaicalensis Georgi, an important perennial herb, is widely distributed and used all over the world. The root of S. baicalensis (Radix Scutellaria) is rich in flavonoids with a variety of bioactive effects and is widely used in clinic. The different geographical and climatic conditions of different cultivated areas of S. baicalensis lead to the differences of the main components in Radix Scutellaria. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the difference of flavonoid content in Radix Scutellaria from different cultivated areas in China. The mobile phase system, elution gradient, detection wavelength, and other chromatographic conditions for high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) determination of 8 flavonoids in Radix Scutellaria were optimized. The contents of flavonoids in 38 samples of Radix Scutellaria collected from seven main genuine cultivated areas were determined, and the correlation between the content, cultivated area, and the biological activities of Radix Scutellaria was compared. The results implied that baicalin, wogonoside, and baicalein were the three main flavonoids with the highest contents in Radix Scutellaria. The content of flavonoids in different cultivated areas was very different, which had significant regionality and was closely related to the natural conditions of various places. The antioxidant and antitumor activities of the extract of Radix Scutellaria were closely related to the content of flavonoids, and high contents of baicalin, wogonoside, and baicalein positively improved biological activities.

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“…According to literature reviews, there are many methods for the separation of chrysin, including HPLC [ 12 ], column chromatography [ 13 ], solid-phase extraction (SPE) [ 14 ], gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC-MC) [ 15 ], macroporous resin [ 16 ] and other traditional methods. However, due to the problems of long extraction time and a large amount of solvent and waste, the instrumental methods are not suitable for industrial mass production applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Preparation and Properties of Chrysin Binary Functional Monomer Molecularly Imprinted Polymers

Cheng

et al. 2022

Polymers

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Chrysin is a natural bioactive molecule with various groups, and it has been a challenge to separate and enrich chrysin from natural products. Molecularly imprinted polymers have been widely used in the extraction of natural products, but the number and type of functional monomers limits the separation effect. The synergistic action of multiple functional monomers can improve the separation effect. In this paper, molecularly imprinted polymers (Bi-MIPs) were prepared using methacrylic acid and acrylamide as binary functional monomers for the separation and enrichment of chrysin. The Bi-MIPs were characterized using thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The performances of Bi-MIPs were assessed, which included adsorption isotherms, selective recognition and adsorption kinetics. The experimental results show that Bi-MIPs are shaped as a uniform sphere with an abundant pocket structure on its surface. The adsorption of chrysin on the Bi-MIPs followed a pseudo-second-order and adapted Langmuir–Freundlich isotherm models. The adsorption performance of the Bi-MIPs was determined at different temperatures, and the Bi-MIPs showed excellent adsorption performance at 30 °C. The initial decomposition temperature of the Bi-MIPs was 220 °C. After five times of adsorption and desorption, the adsorption performance of the Bi-MIPs decreased by only 7%. In contrast with single functional monomer molecularly imprinted polymers (Si-MIPs), the Bi-MIPs showed excellent specificity, with an imprinting factor of 1.54. The Bi-MIPs are promising materials in the separation and enrichment of chrysin for their high adsorption capacity, low cost and being environmentally friendly.

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Simultaneous determination of baicalein, chrysin and wogonin in four Iranian Scutellaria species by high performance liquid chromatography

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

Production of bioactive plant secondary metabolites through in vitro technologies—status and outlook

Production of bioactive plant secondary metabolites through in vitro technologies—status and outlook

Comparative Study of the Flavonoid Content in Radix Scutellaria from Different Cultivation Areas in China

Study of the Preparation and Properties of Chrysin Binary Functional Monomer Molecularly Imprinted Polymers

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