Simultaneous determination of clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone and quetiapine in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Zhou, Zhi‐Ling; Li, Xin; Li, Kunyan; Xie, Zenghong; Zhang, Cheng; Wen-xin, Peng; Wang, Feng; Zhu, Rong; Huan-de, LI

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2003.11.037

Cited by 138 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…The extraction procedures described to isolate RSP and 9-OH RSP from biological matrices are predominantly based on liquid-liquid extraction [3][4][5]8,9,11 . These are very effective and offer high recoveries (> 85 %) with good precision and accuracy, but sample handling requires the use of toxic solvents or multiple extraction steps in order to obtain clean extracts, and this factor is a drawback when the analysis demands to work with a large sample number.…”

Section: E-mail: Cvonples@udeccl; Corresponding Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the time required to perform extraction of RSP and 9-OH with the OASIS HLB sorbent can be reduced using 96-well plates and automatic sample processing systems (less time and solvent consumption), or with the use of more sensitive detection modes, such as mass spectrometry, which requires less sample for analysis, smaller injection volumes and provides higher sensitivity than UV detection [8][9][10][11] .…”

Section: -Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrochemical detection offers lower LOQ (< 0.5 ng/mL) but lacks selectivity and sample and standard preparation require high purity reagents 6,7 . Ultimately, mass spectrometry detection offers high sensitivity and selectivity, but the cost is not accessible for most laboratories, especially in Latin America [8][9][10][11] .…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacokinetic Study of Risperidone: Application of a HPLC Method With Solid Phase Extraction

TORRES¹,

C²,

R³

2011

J. Chil. Chem. Soc.

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A new, simplified solid phase extraction procedure for the determination of risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone in human plasma has been developed. This method involves the use of an optimized extraction protocol developed in Waters OASIS ® HLB 30mg 1cc extraction columns using 1 mL of human serum. Separation was performed by HPLC using a Waters XTerra RP-18 (5 µm, 150x4,6 mm) column with a mobile phase consisting in acetonitrile -potassium dihydrogen phosphate 50 mM pH 3.4 (27/73). UV detection at 278 nm was used to quantify analytes, encountering good linearity (r 2 > 0.999) in the 2-100 ng/mL concentration range. The mean recovery was 92.4 % and 92.8 % for risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone respectively, with an intraday -interday precision below 7%, and accuracy below 115 %. The method has been successfully applied in pharmacokinetic studies that require a large sample number.Keywords: Risperidone, 9-hydroxyrisperidone, solid phase extraction. 1.-INTRODUCTIONRisperidone (RSP, figure 1) is a benzoisoxazole derivative that is clinically used as an atypical antipsychotic. Since its introduction in the 1990s, it has been considered to be a first-rate choice in the treatment of schizophrenia and other mental disorders because of its pharmacodynamics 1 (selective blocking of 5-HT2 and D2 receptors in brain), providing effective management of positive, negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia with a low profile of extrapyramidal and autonomic side effects 2 .Several methods have been proposed for therapeutic and toxicological monitoring of RSP and 9-hydroxyrisperidone (9-OH RSP, figure 1). These are more-or-less sensitive depending on the detection mode used. UV detection offers simplicity but higher limit of quantitation (LOQ=2 ng/ml) and presence of interferents if the extraction procedure is not selective 3.4.5 . Electrochemical detection offers lower LOQ (< 0.5 ng/mL) but lacks selectivity and sample and standard preparation require high purity reagents 6,7 . Ultimately, mass spectrometry detection offers high sensitivity and selectivity, but the cost is not accessible for most laboratories, especially in Latin America 8-11 . e-mail: cvonples@udec.cl; corresponding authorFigure 1: Chemical structures of Risperidone, 9-OH hydroxyrisperidone and Clozapine.The extraction procedures described to isolate RSP and 9-OH RSP from biological matrices are predominantly based on liquid-liquid extraction [3][4][5]8,9,11 . These are very effective and offer high recoveries (> 85 %) with good precision and accuracy, but sample handling requires the use of toxic solvents or multiple extraction steps in order to obtain clean extracts, and this factor is a drawback when the analysis demands to work with a large sample number. On the other hand, solid phase extraction (SPE) procedures offer an easier sample handling but the results are reliable only if the analyst avoids sorbent drying 7,10,[12][13][14][15] . In our laboratory, we tested the properties of the sorbent included in Waters OASIS ® HLB cartridges be...

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Section: E-mail: Cvonples@udeccl; Corresponding Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacokinetic Study of Risperidone: Application of a HPLC Method With Solid Phase Extraction

TORRES¹,

C²,

R³

2011

J. Chil. Chem. Soc.

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“…It is chemically (2-methyl-4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-10H-thieno- [2,3b] [1,2] benzodiazepine. As per the literature review, olanzapine was estimated by few methods like spectrophotometric [1][2][3][4][5] liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MS) [6,7], high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) [8,9] capillary zone electrophoresis [10] and gas chromatography-MS [11]. Therefore, there is a need for a reliable, sensitive and rapid method for its analysis in bulk and pharmaceutical preparations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method development and Validation of RP-HPLC method for the Determination of Olanzapine in Bulk and Tablet Dosage form

Saibaba

2017

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objective: To develop and validate reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatographic method for estimation of olanzapine in bulk and tablet dosage form. Methods:Chromatographic analysis was performed on XTerra C18 (150×3.5 mm inner diameter, 5 µm) column using a mobile phase consisting of buffer (potassium dihydrogen phosphate) and methanol (45:55% v/v) with a flow rate of 0.6 ml/minutes. The detection was carried out at 247 nm. Results:The calibration curve of olanzapine was linear in the range of 30-70 µg/ml. The mean % assay of marketed formulation was found to be 100.2%, and % recovery was observed in the range of 98-102%. Relative standard deviation for the precision study was found <2%. Conclusion:The developed method is simple, precise and rapid, making it suitable for estimation of olanzapine in bulk and tablet dosage form.

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“…5 QTF is not official in any pharmacopoeia. Several analytical methods such as HPLC, [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] chemiluminescence spectrometry, 14 electrospray ionization MS, [15][16][17][18] tandem MS/MS detection, [19][20][21][22] UPLC with tandem MS detection, 23,24 GC 25,26 and voltammetry 27 are found in the literature for the determination of QTF in biological materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extractive Spectrophotometric Determination of Quetiapine Fumarate in Pharmaceuticals and Spiked Human Urine

Rajendraprasad¹,

Basavaiah²,

Vinay³

2012

Croat. Chem. Acta

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A simple, sensitive and selective extractive spectrophotometric method for the determination of quetiapine fumarate (QTF) in bulk drug, tablets and spiked human urine sample is described. The method is based on the formation of a chloroform extractable yellow ion-pair complex between basic nitrogen of the drug (QTF) and the dye quinoline yellow (QY) in acetate-hydrochloride buffer (pH 2.56) medium. The formed ion-pair complex exhibited an absorption maximum at 420 nm. Beer's law is obeyed over the concentration range 2.5-25 µg mL -1 with an apparent molar absorptivity value of 2.02 × 10 4 L mol -1 cm -1 . The Sandell sensitivity, limits of detection (LOD) and quantification values are also reported. The composition of the ion-pair was established by Job's continuous variations method and it was found to be 1:1 (QTF:QY). The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of QTF in bulk drug, tablets and spiked human urine without any interference. (doi: 10.5562/cca1770)

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Simultaneous determination of clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone and quetiapine in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Cited by 138 publications

References 30 publications

Pharmacokinetic Study of Risperidone: Application of a HPLC Method With Solid Phase Extraction

Pharmacokinetic Study of Risperidone: Application of a HPLC Method With Solid Phase Extraction

Method development and Validation of RP-HPLC method for the Determination of Olanzapine in Bulk and Tablet Dosage form

Extractive Spectrophotometric Determination of Quetiapine Fumarate in Pharmaceuticals and Spiked Human Urine

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